Urban ecology and related environmental concerns
M. Moghadami; A. Rasaizadi; M. Askari
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This research attempted to analyze the negative and positive aspects of Coronavirus: its effect on air quality and traffic volume. The sample city of this research was Tehran and transportation behavior toward the Coronavirus and minor quarantines in specific. METHODS: Six ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This research attempted to analyze the negative and positive aspects of Coronavirus: its effect on air quality and traffic volume. The sample city of this research was Tehran and transportation behavior toward the Coronavirus and minor quarantines in specific. METHODS: Six indices were considered for Tehran city in two consecutive years (in quarantine period): carbon mono-oxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matters, air quality index, and daily traffic volume, which depart from Tehran city to other destinations. Daily traffic volume changes were examined for four roads separately, and total departed trips were also investigated. This comparison was made graphically and statistically by using the regression model and one-way t-test. FINDING: Results showed that from 20th February to 19th March, the average of produced CO, NO2, and PM10 decreased in 2020 compared to 2019, but other indices related to air pollution were increased in 2020. The average daily traffic in existing roads of Tehran City was declined significantly in 2020. Regression models and a one-way t-test showed that the growth rate of emission production was higher in 2019 compared to 2020. Also, this rate for daily traffic volume was higher from March 20 to April 19 of 2020 compared to 2020. CONCLUSION: The regression model on indices showed valuable results. For instance, the O3 emission slope in the second month reduced from 0.6 to 0.5; however, the exiting traffic of Tehran city reduced by 47 percent that indicates the higher resident population of Tehran city compare to the last year.
Urban architecture, design, development and planning
A.R. Sadeghi; F. Shahvaran; A.R. Gholami; T. Feyzabi
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The concept of place as a multidimensional approach in the evolution of urban design concepts has always sought to improve the quality of urban environments and spaces. “Place” results from humans’ environmental experiences and cognition of space which is ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The concept of place as a multidimensional approach in the evolution of urban design concepts has always sought to improve the quality of urban environments and spaces. “Place” results from humans’ environmental experiences and cognition of space which is perceived through meaning in people’s minds within the interaction of humans and place. Placemaking is considered a participatory process and a practical approach for urban designers, which can be implemented by improving the physical quality of urban spaces. In urban design studies, several perspectives have been proposed regarding the structure of the place model. This paper aimed to examine the evolution of placemaking in urban design theories to propose a place model based on behavior. How and in what way behavior can contribute to the formation of place is the primary question of this research. In other words, what is the role of behaviors analysis and behavioral patterns in the formation of an urban place? METHODS: Descriptive-analytical method is used to review the concept of place and its conceptual evolution to provide placemaking recommendations and suggestions based on the proposed place model. In the case study section, Studies have been done using behavioral observation tools such as place-based graphic maps, movement path tracing of individuals, and recording various behavioral patterns by time intervals at the Hafezieh intersection, Shiraz, Iran.FINDINGS: The results of analyzing behavioral maps of Hafezieh intersection and recommendations from global experiences regarding public life and behavioral studies revealed that the combination of four aspects of form, function, meaning, and ecosystem with emphasis on the specific role of behavioral studies could lead to flourishing placemaking.CONCLUSION: Paying attention to the role of behavior-based placemaking in recent urban thoughts can promote sustainable urban design and determine optimal policies for social interactions, communication, and the importance of human behaviors that define a thriving place and support its constant progress.
Sustainable urban infrastructure
H. Faramarzi; M. khakzand; M.H. Talebian; M. Masoudinejad
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Abadan oil industry in Iran is very significant due to its various valuable layers as a part of national memory and identity. Therefore, to protect and reuse this industrial heritage, the adaptive reuse strategy by means of the landscape is considered. The purpose of this study ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Abadan oil industry in Iran is very significant due to its various valuable layers as a part of national memory and identity. Therefore, to protect and reuse this industrial heritage, the adaptive reuse strategy by means of the landscape is considered. The purpose of this study is to achieve urban sustainability through a landscape adaptable to the oil industry heritage.METHODS: This research is descriptive-correlational and has been done through a survey. The statistical population of this research consists of pundits and experts of Abadan’s oil industry and the sample size is 88 people. In the analytical section, while using documentary studies, a questionnaire with 21 closed questions was used for data collection. After collecting the data, its validity and reliability were measured and confirmed.FINDINGS: In this study, the relations between nine environmental, historical, economic, social, cultural, policy, technology, physical, and infrastructure factors were measured as the factors affecting the landscape adaptable to the oil industry heritage.CONCLUSION: The results showed that the completion and facilitation of policies lead to the creation and strengthening of opportunities for cultural and social interactions in the industrial landscape. Also, the impact of physical factors on infrastructure, economic, and environmental leads to strengthening economic factors and infrastructure reuse in urban development. Findings indicated that the impact of environmental factors on economics and policy by using landscape leads to success in the mentioned fields.
Urban and municipalities management
O. Gotore; A. Munodawafa; R. Rameshprabu; T.P. Phillip Masere; V. Mushayi; T. Itayama
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The major sources of pollution along the Mukuvisi River are industrial effluents from Msasa, Graniteside, and Southerton industrial sites, sewage effluent from Firle sewage works, pesticide and fertilizer runoff from Pension and surrounding farms, and domestic and diffuse pollution ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The major sources of pollution along the Mukuvisi River are industrial effluents from Msasa, Graniteside, and Southerton industrial sites, sewage effluent from Firle sewage works, pesticide and fertilizer runoff from Pension and surrounding farms, and domestic and diffuse pollution from residential areas. The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of point and non-point pollution sources on macroinvertebrates variability and investigate the seasonal water quality deterioration along the Mukuvisi River. To evaluate macroinvertebrate community diversity using South African Scoring System 5 protocol for rapid bioassessment of water quality. The combined application of benthic macroinvertebrates and physic-chemical parameters was the focus of this research to validate the water quality status of the urban River systems concerning emerging pollutants in urban areas.METHODS: According to the Harare municipality pollution control strategy and surveillance, only twelve accessible sampling points were chosen along the river. Macroinvertebrate samples and physic-chemical measurements were collected once or twice a month, according to the city of Harare’s sampling schedule. The ancillary information, temperature, pH, and conductivity were measured on-site with a mercury bulb thermometer, a pH meter, and a conductivity meter, respectively. The standard South African Scoring System 5 sampling protocol was used for the sampling and identification of the macroinvertebrates community.FINDINGS: The early assessments showed that water pollution was, in the 1st place and as a primary issue, a biological matter, and its primary effects could have been traced to living organisms. Eutrophication in Manyame catchment, Harare, Zimbabwe is subjected to prolonged and cumulative ecosystem stress because of human activities, sewage disposal, and industrial discharges, among other pollution sources. The Phosphorus-P, Biological Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, and Ammonia-NH3 (from 0, 6.9, 118, and 0 to 3.8, 81.9, 840, and 31 mg/L respectively) concentration increases downstream in both seasons. The Dissolved Oxygen saturation was 75% and 67% upstream in the dry-and-wet season and was reduced to 0% downstream in both seasons. The evaluation of macroinvertebrate diversity provided evidence that Mukuvisi River water was polluted based on the South African Scoring System, especially in the dry season.CONCLUSIONS: The physic-chemical parameters were significantly related to macroinvertebrates diversity. In the assessment of river water quality, both macroinvertebrate indices and physio-chemical parameters can be sampled together to avoid bias. The results indicated that human activities from the upstream were inducing water pollution. Industries need to adhere to the wastewater discharge guidelines.
Human capital in urban management
B.Kh. Almagharbeh; N.A. Alalean
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Green human resource management has become one of the most critical components of a forward-thinking for eco-friendly companies. The majority of academics hold the opinion that in order to implement green human resource management techniques, personnel must be encouraged and ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Green human resource management has become one of the most critical components of a forward-thinking for eco-friendly companies. The majority of academics hold the opinion that in order to implement green human resource management techniques, personnel must be encouraged and motivated to be ecofriendly. This study aims at investigating the impact of Green human resources practices on organizational sustainability: The mediating role of job embeddedness in the pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in Jordan.METHODS: The current study looks at the effects of several green human resource management strategies on organizational sustainability either directly or indirectly through job embeddedness. a quantitative approach was used. The data is collected through questionnaire from the Study sample included (404) employee in (16) Jordanian Pharmaceutical manufacturing companies. A Structural Equation Modelling is conducted to achieve study objectives.FINDINGS: Findings confirmed, that (green work life balance, green reward) showed a significant positive effect on the organizational sustainability, while (green training, green career opportunities) didn’t have direct significant effects on organizational sustainability, as well, the outcomes indicated that all green human resources practices (green work life balance, green reward, green training, green career opportunities) had direct significant effect on job embeddedness. The findings indicated that the mediator (Job embeddedness) improved the organizational sustainability. The results illustrate that green work life balance exerted positive and significant effects on organizational sustainability (β = 0.41) and Job embeddedness (β = 0.27). While No abbreviation in the abstract didn’t has direct significant effects on organizational sustainability (β = 0.03; t = 0.64; ρ > 0.01), and significant effects on Job embeddedness (β = 0.40). Also the result indicated that green rewards has direct significant effects on organizational sustainability (β = 0.24), and Job embeddedness (β = 0.26). While GCO green career opportunities didn’t has direct significant effects on organizational sustainability (β = 0.04 t = 0.87; ρ > 0.01) and significant effects on Job embeddedness (β = 0.39). As well as JE exerted positive and significant effects on organizational sustainability (β = 0.38). The findings imply that the mediator does increase organizational sustainability.CONCLUSION: The study suggests that the pharmaceutical manufacturing businesses should provide their workers with green benefits and promote a green work-life balance and search for other green practices in order to prevent organizational deterioration.
Urban transportation systems and traffic management
F. Salehi; A.R. Karbassi; M. Khashaypoor
Abstract
Bus rapid transit is an innovative, high capacity, lower cost public transit solution in metropolitan cities. Idea is to dedicate lanes for quick and efficient transport of passengers to their destinations. In the present investigation the environmental impact assessment of bus rapid transit in ...
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Bus rapid transit is an innovative, high capacity, lower cost public transit solution in metropolitan cities. Idea is to dedicate lanes for quick and efficient transport of passengers to their destinations. In the present investigation the environmental impact assessment of bus rapid transit in Tehran metropolitan city is brought out. For this purpose bus rapid transit Lane No. 10 is investigated. The bus rapid transit Lane No.10 is about 10 km in distance that moves up and down between Azadi and Simon Bolivar Squares. About 77500 passengers using 50 buses are transited per day in lane No. 10. These 50 buses cover a distance of 9600 km/day. The results of present study showed that about 6.5 million liters of fuel is saved annually. It should be pointed out that environmental costs are also reduced for about US$ 1.7 million/yr. The overall score of environmental impact assessment stands at +10 that is indicative of Lane No. 10 compatibility with the environmental considerations.
Information and communications technology in Urban Management
H. Aramesh; M. Zivdar; M. Riki; Z.S. Saljooghi
Abstract
Information technology as a more intermediary utilizes the science of the day to provide the necessary data for the specialists, organizations, and ultimately all types of groups in the shortest possible time and in the best possible way. Many countries believe that entrepreneurship has played an indispensable ...
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Information technology as a more intermediary utilizes the science of the day to provide the necessary data for the specialists, organizations, and ultimately all types of groups in the shortest possible time and in the best possible way. Many countries believe that entrepreneurship has played an indispensable role in improving productivity and economic growth. Since the benefits of tourism industry in the regional process through the creation of foreign exchange earnings lead to economic growth and in the local procedures through the creation of jobs the consistent distribution of income will improve lives of the people, developing countries see the prosperity of tourism as a way for the economic development in all aspects. The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize new business opportunities in the electronic tourism industry of Chabahar city. In the present article which conducted in 2018 thirty people were selected from the active tourism industry in the area for the research sample. Expert choice software was used to analyze the data. Smart advertising opportunities with a coefficient of 0.221, smart commerce with a coefficient of 0.191, smart residency with a coefficient of 0.172, smart navigation with a coefficient of 0.131, intelligent transportation with a coefficient of 0.113, smart routing with a coefficient of 0.092, Smart data with a coefficient of 0.049, and smart training with coefficient 0.029 were recognized as new businesses in the industry of Chabahar.
Urban transportation systems and traffic management
A. Edrisi; H. Ganjipour
Abstract
Nowadays Information and Communication Technology effects on all aspects of human activities, such as teleworking, electronic commerce, electronic banking, electronic learning, etc. the most of these services can prevent unnecessary travels in cities especially in rush hour. The aim of this study is ...
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Nowadays Information and Communication Technology effects on all aspects of human activities, such as teleworking, electronic commerce, electronic banking, electronic learning, etc. the most of these services can prevent unnecessary travels in cities especially in rush hour. The aim of this study is to explore the frequency of electronic shopping and in-store shopping in Tehran, according to gender, educational background and employment status in order to obtain some information about the behavior of online and traditional shoppers in Tehran. For this purpose, 510 questionnaires were collected and the shoppers were categorized and analyzed in some groups, using SPSS23. The findings showed that the people often tend to buy their favorable products traditionally. As expected, the percentage of people that never experience electronic shopping is high but the development of online shops and mobile apps can attract people to this way of modern shopping. A good strategy for improving online marketing will reduce traffic congestion, travel time, energy consumption, and air pollution and so on.
Urban communications and services
Z. Alizadeh Afrouzy; SH. Tavangarzadeh
Abstract
Organizational citizenship behavior has always been tested in the knowledge-intensive sectors of societies. Organizational citizenship behavior is a voluntary and discretionary behavior that is supposed to build up the cultural aspect of the organization; it is not part of the personnel's contractual ...
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Organizational citizenship behavior has always been tested in the knowledge-intensive sectors of societies. Organizational citizenship behavior is a voluntary and discretionary behavior that is supposed to build up the cultural aspect of the organization; it is not part of the personnel's contractual tasks and can contribute to the successful implementation of the organization's objectives. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the interactions among the organizational citizenship behavior components and the organizational performance for the bank systems in the Asian context; thus the province of Mazandaran in Iran was chosen. The number of studied banks were 33 and 127 structured questionnaires were distributed among the selected bank employees and based on the received data; correlation tests have been conducted. In order to analyze the gained data, two types of parametric and non-parametric tests have been applied. The results indicated correlations between 0.5 and 0.8 for these variables. It is worth noting that both parametric and non-parametric tests had almost the same results; they both showed a positive and significant correlation.
Urban management and public health
M. Salemi; R. Hejazi
Abstract
An appropriate solid waste disposal has been a major problem in municipal environment. The use of landfills is the most economical and environmentally acceptable method for the disposal of solid waste all over the world. The analysis of spatial data and consideration of regulation and accepted criteria ...
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An appropriate solid waste disposal has been a major problem in municipal environment. The use of landfills is the most economical and environmentally acceptable method for the disposal of solid waste all over the world. The analysis of spatial data and consideration of regulation and accepted criteria are part of the important elements in the site selection. The aim of this paper is to show how application of geographic information system could be used for siting solid waste disposal in Abadan city. In this paper, we consider types of soil suitable for solid waste disposals, land use/ land cover, transportation routes and proximity to surface water. Relative importance weight of each criteria in the geographic information system was determined and finally suitability map was prepared. Based on the final suitability map, appropriate solid waste landfill site was located in north east part of the study area. Select the best landfill site among the candidate ones, and the output results can enable decision makers to make appropriate decisions to reduce the costs both in economic and environmental criteria.
Human capital in urban management
A.A. Pilehvar
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: People usually welcome the spirit of cooperation to meet their needs using different methods and goals. In cities, the formation of non-governmental councils and organizations reflects this trend with the aim of creating equal social opportunities and positions (power, dignity). ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: People usually welcome the spirit of cooperation to meet their needs using different methods and goals. In cities, the formation of non-governmental councils and organizations reflects this trend with the aim of creating equal social opportunities and positions (power, dignity). Participation and e-participation offers an intellectual and doctrinal framework with major applications in social, economic, cultural, and political dimensions of a country. This article aims to explore the association between participation and moral, religious, political, and psychological variables in Iranian urban management as a model. METHODS: This is a qualitative research and a descriptive-analytical method has been adopted for modeling. FINDING: The results suggest a positive correlation between participation and four variables studied along with their applications in the Iranian urban management. Another finding of the research is the modeling of moral, religious-Islamic, political, and psychological variables related to Iranian participation and urban management toward urban governance. CONCLUSION: The elevated social and political awareness of citizens has also led to social solidarity and the strengthening of democracy based on participation. Efforts to redistribute power in the urban system management represent another effect of social participation in urban management and urban governance in Iran. It is also experiencing the transition from urban government to urban governance with participatory, law-abiding, transparency, justice, efficiency, accountability, and decentralization approaches.
Human capital in urban management
F. Moradi; A. Momayez; A. Zamani Moghadam
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Talent management is an emerging research field in human resource management which is vital for the survival and competitive advantage of the organization. Albeit many studies have been done on the component of talent management, yet so far the entrepreneurship segment has ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Talent management is an emerging research field in human resource management which is vital for the survival and competitive advantage of the organization. Albeit many studies have been done on the component of talent management, yet so far the entrepreneurship segment has not been much considered in this field, and surprisingly an extensive model of entrepreneurial talent management in the organization has not been presented. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to present a conceptual model of entrepreneurial talent management in organizations.METHOD: The present study is conducted with a mixed and exploratory approach in order to present a management model of entrepreneurial talent in 22 Districts of the Municipality of Tehran municipality in Iran. In the qualitative section, while reviewing the literature and research background, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 45 experts from Municipality of Tehran and university professors. In the quantitative part, the statistical population consisted of 450 managers and experts who have been working in the Municipality of Tehran from the beginning of 2019 to the end of 2020. The sample size was estimated to be 212 people according to the sampling of classified clusters through Cochran's formula, and the researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 56 items was distributed among the statistical sample according to the qualitative part. Using Amus 22 structural equation software, the data were statistically analyzed in a quantitative section to analyze the path and test the hypotheses. RESULTS: In the qualitative part, by performing the process of coding and approval of experts by fuzzy Delphi method in two stages and expert response analysis to 11 components of perceptual skills, decision making, social intelligence, change leadership, consequentialism (performance management), people management, sustainability and accountability, adherence to ethical principles, complexity, recognition and focus and 57 indicators appropriate to these components were confirmed as influential factors in the model. In the quantitative part, the approved indicators were placed in the form of a questionnaire. Analysis of the questionnaire revealed that the complexity component, people management and decision-making with 0.64, 0.63 and 0.61 had the highest factor load and the sustainability and accountability component with 0.5 had the lowest impact on the model, respectively.CONCLUSION: The results of this paper show that this model depends on various variables and can be considered and used in technology-based programs in talent assessment centers. The results also showed that municipal managers must create a creative environment for employees to express their ideas and participate in decision-making, and this leads to improving and changing the attitude and behavior of employees.
Urban architecture, design, development and planning
H. Rahimi Jafari; A. Faez; Y. Vakil Alroaia; M. D. Hosamane
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: During the past decades, architects have faced serious challenges in renovating buildings. Renovated buildings require activities that, besides energy savings and less damages to the environment, could have psychologically positive effects on customers. Renovation plays an ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: During the past decades, architects have faced serious challenges in renovating buildings. Renovated buildings require activities that, besides energy savings and less damages to the environment, could have psychologically positive effects on customers. Renovation plays an important role in the development of the city of Tehran so that it can bring environmental, economic and social benefits and preserve the originality of the urban environment of this metropolis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was Evaluation of psychological factors affecting the decision of citizens to purchase renovated buildings with emphasis on maintaining urban environment.METHODS: The present study used a mixed approach to achieve a general model to investigate the effects of such factors on customers’ decision to buy renovated buildings. To validate the model, the qualitative approach was based on the Grounded Theory, and the quantitative approach used Structural Equation Modeling. In the qualitative analysis to identify the influential factors, the interview data were analyzed with ATLAS.Ti8 software version 8.0 by using the Grounded Theory coding method according to Strauss and Corbin’s approach. Finally, the effects of psychological factors on the consumer decision to buy renovated buildings were identified.FINDINGS: Perception index with two components of personality (factor loading 0.60) and experience (factor loading 0.69), learning index with two components of capacity change and behavior change with factor loading 0.56, attitude index with two components of self-esteem (0. 70) and excitement (0.76) and in the motivation index of the external motivation component (0.58) were confirmed in the final model. The indicators of needs and desires (0.31), change of status (0.42), identity (0. 32) and intrinsic motivation (0.49) were rejected and removed from the final model.CONCLUSION: The findings showed that in order to maintain the authenticity of the urban environment as well as the satisfaction of citizens, the managers of architectural companies and senior officials of urban planning can use the investigated methods to make better decisions and encourage citizens to buy renovated buildings.
Urban health, safety and environment (HSE)
B. Akbari Neisiani; S.M. Seyedan; E. Radfar
Abstract
The city is alive with dynamic systems, where parks and urban green spaces have high strategic importance which help to improve living conditions. Urban parks are used as visual landscape with so many benefits such as reducing stress, reducing air pollution and producing oxygen, creating opportunities ...
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The city is alive with dynamic systems, where parks and urban green spaces have high strategic importance which help to improve living conditions. Urban parks are used as visual landscape with so many benefits such as reducing stress, reducing air pollution and producing oxygen, creating opportunities for people to participate in physical activities, optimal environment for children and decreasing noise pollution. The importance of parks is such extent that are discussed as an indicator of urban development. Hereupon the design and maintenance of urban green spaces requires integrated management system based on international standards of health, safety and the environment. In this study, Nezami Ganjavi Park (District 6 of Tehran) with the approach to integrated management systems have been analyzed. In order to identify the status of the park in terms of the requirements of the management system based on previous studies and all Tehran Municipality’s considerations, a check list has been prepared and completed by park survey and interview with green space experts. The results showed that the utility of health indicators were 92.33 % (the highest) and environmental and safety indicators were 72 %, 84 % respectively. According to SWOT analysis in Nezami Ganjavi Park some of strength points are fire extinguishers, first aid box, annual testing of drinking water and important weakness is using unseparated trash bins also as an opportunities, there are some interesting factors for children and parents to spend free times. Finally, the most important threat is unsuitable park facilities for disabled.
Information and communications technology in Urban Management
N.W. Deriani; T. Kusuma
Abstract
The empowerment of small-medium scale industries must be carried out thoroughly through the provision of business development opportunities to the greatest extent so as to be able to increase the role and potential of the industries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the internal influence of ...
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The empowerment of small-medium scale industries must be carried out thoroughly through the provision of business development opportunities to the greatest extent so as to be able to increase the role and potential of the industries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the internal influence of the human resources competencies on technology and the organizational readiness to the level of adoption of e-commerce in craft small medium industries. The analysis used by researchers to determine the effect of each variable using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. This study shows that 79 percent of human resources owned by small medium scale industries have the expertise to operate computers and have adaptability that is fast with changes in information technology but from an organizational perspective 70 percent of them do not provide adequate information technology devices (computers/smartphones and internet networks) even though craft small-medium scale industries who are respondents 100 percent understand technological change and development.
Urban transportation systems and traffic management
A.R. Sadeghi; N. Panahi; A.R. Ravaee
Abstract
Nowadays, the expansion of the cities is an inevitable necessity; increasing the dependence of the citizens on motor vehicles and, consequently, making development of the transportation networks a necessity rather than an option. Thus, increasing car ownership and car use has created many problems for ...
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Nowadays, the expansion of the cities is an inevitable necessity; increasing the dependence of the citizens on motor vehicles and, consequently, making development of the transportation networks a necessity rather than an option. Thus, increasing car ownership and car use has created many problems for the cities, such as increasing greenhouse gas emissions, environmental pollution, casualties of accidents and reducing pedestrian safety. For instance, since 1970, CO2 emissions have increased by about 90%, with emissions from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes contributing about 78% of the total greenhouse gas emissions increase from 1970 to 2011.Thus, in this study, complete street policy is proposed as a tool to solve these problems. This policy has many benefits including reducing transportation costs, increasing travel options, increasing safety, reducing air pollution and improving the quality of life for people. In this research, Jomhuri Street in Shiraz city has been analyzed according to complete street criteria by using SWOT and Space Syntax method. Finally, some strategies including using ramps for the disabled pedestrian, maintaining the continuity of the sidewalks, using techniques to decrease the width of the street and considering suitable furniture along the street are proposed to make Jomhuri Street a complete street. Therefore, in the process of formulating the appropriate strategies and policies for this Street, the attempt is to improve sustainable urban development through the creation of safe spaces to facilitate the movement of all users in the street.
Human capital in urban management
B. Tajedin; M. Moradi; M. Alitabrizi
Abstract
This study aims at identifying the relationship between managers’ leadership style and employees’ job satisfaction. To achieve this aim and to examine the research hypotheses, two types of questionnaires, including Likert scale for leadership style and Job descriptive index for job satisfaction, ...
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This study aims at identifying the relationship between managers’ leadership style and employees’ job satisfaction. To achieve this aim and to examine the research hypotheses, two types of questionnaires, including Likert scale for leadership style and Job descriptive index for job satisfaction, were distributed among 218 employees in 3 different departments of Finance and Administration Deputy of Tehran Municipality. The research data analysis was carried out at inferential statistics level using SPSS software. In this study, the independent variable of leadership style was in four levels of autocratic-colonial, autocratic-charity, advisory and participatoryas well as the variable belonging to employees’ job satisfaction. The results showed that the third leadership style (advisory) was the dominant style in the community. There was a positively meaningful relationship between managers’ leadership style and employees’ satisfaction. There was also a negatively meaningful relationship between employment type and gender with the employees’ job satisfaction. Moreover, type of workplace was an influential factor in job satisfaction while its rate was not similar in each department
Human capital in urban management
Y. Jehan; D. Hussain; M. Batool; M. Imran
Abstract
In today’s world, green human resource management is one of the most important factors in forward-thinking your environment-friendly business. Most of the researchers are of the view that employees must be empowered and environmentally aware of greening while carrying out green human resource management ...
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In today’s world, green human resource management is one of the most important factors in forward-thinking your environment-friendly business. Most of the researchers are of the view that employees must be empowered and environmentally aware of greening while carrying out green human resource management practices. The present study is examining the impact of different Green human resource practices on environmental behavior directly or indirectly via Pro-environmental behavior. The data is collected through questionnaire from the educational institutions in Baltistan region. The sample size is 300 employees of public universities. A Structure Equation Modeling is utilized to obtain the relationships between the variables. The results show that green human resource management practices have a strong direct impact on Environmental sustainability while the indirect relationship between green environmental training and sustainable environment through a mediator “pro-environmental behavior”. The results illustrate that Green Performance Management and Appraisal has a positive (β=0.27), Green Reward and Compensation and environmental sustainability which again shows a positive (β=0.14) and significant impact of Green Reward and Compensation on environmental sustainability. Green Training and Development also shows a positive (β=0.29) and Green Training and Development has a positive and significant relationship. The results suggest that the mediator does not sensitize environmental sustainability. The study suggests that Public Sector universities need to train and compensate their employee to reduce environmental degradation and make their contribution to the sustainability of the environment.
Information and communications technology in Urban Management
A. Keshtegar; M. Ghasemi; S.A.R. Hosseini; F. Ahang; H. Ghaffari
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The European Foundation for Quality Management excellence model includes a framework for evaluating the improvement of organizations that excellence organizations must achieve them. Also, business intelligence as a management philosophy and tool helps organization to achieve ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The European Foundation for Quality Management excellence model includes a framework for evaluating the improvement of organizations that excellence organizations must achieve them. Also, business intelligence as a management philosophy and tool helps organization to achieve enduring advantage and organization excellence. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to investigating the impact of business intelligence on enablers of excellence model with using the mediating role of knowledge sharing. METHODS: According to purpose, the research method is applied and based on data collection is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of this study includes employees of Marvdasht Banks at the Fars province in Iran that 127 respondents were selected based on group sampling. Research data were collected using standard questionnaires (enablers of excellence model questionnaire, Popovic questionnaire for business intelligence and Wang questionnaire for Knowledge sharing) and analyzed through structural equation modeling by Smart-PLS. FINDING: Results showed that business intelligence has a positive and significant direct and indirect effect on enablers of excellence model. The direct effect of business intelligence on enablers of excellence model is equal to 0.482. The indirect effect of business intelligence on enablers of excellence model with the mediating role of Knowledge sharing is equal to 0.780. Also,the indirect effect of knowledge sharing on enablers of excellence model is equal to 0.410.The indirect effect of business intelligence on Knowledge sharing is equal to 0.726. CONCLUSION: Considering the research community, it can be said that in order to increase organizational excellence, bank managers should pay special attention to the variables of business intelligence and knowledge sharing and take action towards business intelligence by integrating data, increasing analytical capacity, increasing information quality, access quality of information and analytical decision-making. With these proceedings, not only affect knowledge sharing in the organization, but also increase organizational excellence.
Urban health, safety and environment (HSE)
A. Chaichi; Sh. Bakand; R. Yarahmadi
Abstract
Municipality of Tehran with huge number of employees and with the aim to reduce stress and promote the work efficiency, seriously wants to achieve suitable and utilizable studies. Osipow's job stress test is one of the best tools to reach this aim. Data population includes securities building of municipality ...
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Municipality of Tehran with huge number of employees and with the aim to reduce stress and promote the work efficiency, seriously wants to achieve suitable and utilizable studies. Osipow's job stress test is one of the best tools to reach this aim. Data population includes securities building of municipality of Tehran (88 persons from region 18 and 72 persons from region 20), who were randomly chosen to be participated in the current survey. For this purpose three types of working hours schedule such as full time shift ( 24 hrs work, 24 hrs rest ), day-shift and night-shift workers, were selected. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and processed by a professional test, MANOVA. Difference of scores in workload role and insufficiency role in subjects with considering of age groups in confidence 95% was valuable (p<0.05). Differences of scores in job stress and subscales of insufficiency role, ambiguity role with considering of work shifts in confidence 95% were statistically significant (p<0.05). At the end, differences of scores in subscales of role rang and responsibility with considering of job regions in confidence 95% were statistically significant (p<0.05).This survey determined that stress decreased with increasing the age. Also work shift had important role in the amount of stress. Therefore, the lowest level of stress was among night-shift workers and the highest stress level was among day-shift workers and 24-24 group was between them. Of course region of workers was related with job stress.
Human capital in urban management
M. Mamaghaniyeh; M. Sadeghi; S. Amani
Abstract
Human resources play a crucial role in the evolution of the organizations, and huge organizational developments caused by unlimited intellectual capacity of human resources. Therefore, of the priorities of any organization is to preserve these valuable resources. In this regard, an appropriate alternative ...
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Human resources play a crucial role in the evolution of the organizations, and huge organizational developments caused by unlimited intellectual capacity of human resources. Therefore, of the priorities of any organization is to preserve these valuable resources. In this regard, an appropriate alternative is to improve the quality of work life in organizations. To this aim, the quality of work life was investigated among the staff employed in General Department of Human Resources of Municipality of Tehran (the study population was included of 3 types of employments one official and two contractual employments), during 2017- 2019. The research method is descriptive-survey and the data were collected using the Walton work quality of life questionnaire (1973) and a researcher-made questionnaire on demographic characteristics. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and statistical Tests including frequency, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistical test including one-way T, Pearson correlation and analysis of F variance. The results indicated that the status of quality of work life in the studied area is 3.03 and above mean from the staff point of view. Also, the mean scores of life quality amongst Hadianshahr (one of the tow contractual employments) were lower than official (fixed) staffs and Khadamate Edearie Shahr (one of the two contractual type of employments). In terms of demographic variables, an adverse relationship was observed between quality of work life and age.
Urban architecture, design, development and planning
F. Mohammadian; P. Zivyar Pardehei; A. Estelaji
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Today, many factors and forces influence urban development and its organization. The uncontrolled development of cities and their uneven growth is due to various political, physical, economic, social and cultural processes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Today, many factors and forces influence urban development and its organization. The uncontrolled development of cities and their uneven growth is due to various political, physical, economic, social and cultural processes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze the mechanisms affecting the urban development of Boroujerd city and its sphere of influenceMETHODS: The research method is structural-analytical-descriptive, which is the main purpose of applied research by collecting data, analytical, quantitative, and documentary methods that have been used to explain the conceptual framework of research in the form of indicators. Delphi method was also used with emphasis on fuzzy logic.FINDINGS: The results of regression analysis showed that the correlation coefficient of the variable of land exchange on Boroujerd urban development was equal to 0.740 and also the level of activity of this city in the two economic sectors of industry and services is of basic type and showed a higher value than other urban areas of the province and also unemployment index shows that city has less unemployment (19.3%) than other cities in the province and the average rate of the province (23.9%).On the other hand, the impact of factors and indicators of natural population growth in Boroujerd in the field of urban development was 1.97, which was a small part of urban population growth and development.CONCLUSION: Economic and social indicators have an undeniable role in the formation and development of the city and its sphere of influence and should be considered by city officials and stakeholders. So based on the development of policies such as Planning to organize the privacy and preventing the settlement of immigrants, prevent the land mechanism and also new development patterns can solve the future matters of the city.
Human capital in urban management
Z. Mehran
Abstract
Spirituality by creating an atmosphere of trust in the workplace increases the commitment. This commitment includes an employee’s commitment to the organization and the organization's commitment to its employees and customers. In organizations with high levels of spirituality, employees have more ...
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Spirituality by creating an atmosphere of trust in the workplace increases the commitment. This commitment includes an employee’s commitment to the organization and the organization's commitment to its employees and customers. In organizations with high levels of spirituality, employees have more positive attitudes and organizational commitment compared to organizations lacking the same values. The present study tries to investigate the relationship of spirituality in the workplace with the organizational commitment and the organizational citizenship behavior among the employees. Structured questionnaire is used for data collection and significance of the relationship between the research variables and the hypothesis are determined through LISREL software and the Structural Equation Modeling. The sample size, using the formula of sampling from a limited society, is 166 employees from total of 472workers. The results of this study revealed that there is a significant and positive relationship between workplace spirituality and organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. Moreover the Organizational Commitment has a positive impact on organizational Citizenship Bbehavior too. This study has been performed in District 9 of Tehran Municipality in 2015.
Human capital in urban management
A.R. Santos
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: One of the key indicators in the evaluation of service quality is the execution of a Quality Management System (ISO 9001:2015) and the success of any organization lies in its ability to effectively manage its resources. Human resources play an integral role in this process, ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: One of the key indicators in the evaluation of service quality is the execution of a Quality Management System (ISO 9001:2015) and the success of any organization lies in its ability to effectively manage its resources. Human resources play an integral role in this process, and their contribution to quality management systems is invaluable. This study described the profile of the respondents in terms of age, sex, working experience, employee position, and sector of an organization. This study also assessed respondents' attitudes toward hiring and selection, compensation and rewards, and training and development. Additionally, this study tried to establish a strong correlation between the respondent profile and their attitudes regarding education and training, recruitment and selection, and compensation and rewards.METHODS: This study used a descriptive quantitative method. A total of 150 employees of the ISO 9001:2015 certified service sector within the Cities in Nueva Ecija were surveyed using a survey questionnaire.FINDINGS: Findings present 40% of the respondents came from Generation Y and 26.67 respondents from Generation Z. The respondents' attitudes toward the training and development practices of various service firms found that the highest mean of 3.52 representing a distinct plan for learning and development and encouraging employees to participate in relevant training programs got the second-highest weighted mean of 3.47. Having a criterion to measure the effectiveness of the training got the lowest weighted mean of 3.09. This study also determines the attitude of the employees on recruitment and selection practices of their respective organizations. Filling up vacancies with internally qualified employees got the highest weighted mean of 3.32 followed by informing the applicants about the job conditions needed to achieve a job before hiring, Furthermore, the posting of job advertisements got a weighted mean of 2.19. Lastly, the respondents' attitude toward rewards and compensation practices showed the highest score of 3.59 that Employees are encouraged to accomplish the company's goals by their compensation packages. Other rewards and compensation practices include satisfactory rewards and compensation system, salary satisfaction, rewarding employee collaboration, and reviewing salary increments, bonuses, and other allowances fairly and justifiably with a weighted mean of 3.37, 3.32, 2.85, and 2.77, respectively.CONCLUSION: The results show that specific practices of Human Resource Management, which have been identified, are crucial to improving organizational performance since they contribute to the success of businesses.
Urban communications and services
A. Asadi Sisakht; A. Khaksari Rafsanjani
Abstract
Abstract Justice has always been a controversial issue and it is difficult to agree on its definition and dimensions. According to some experts, in order to establish justice a criterion should be defined for each blessing, gift or each area and transportation can be considered as one of these areas. ...
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Abstract Justice has always been a controversial issue and it is difficult to agree on its definition and dimensions. According to some experts, in order to establish justice a criterion should be defined for each blessing, gift or each area and transportation can be considered as one of these areas. In this study, in order to investigate the justice status in the distribution of urban transportation services, five criteria of equal opportunity, difference, need, participation in public interest and entitlement were determined as the criterion for the subsequent investigations. The use of these criteria was based on different views and perspectives, and in addition, a number of them have been used in other studies. The numerical taxonomy was used to assess the status of Tehran metropolitan areas in terms of relative level of transportation development. The main objective of this study was to find out the extent to which the urban transportation services were equally distributed at the metropolitan level in Tehran. Comparison and investigation of justice among Tehran's metropolitan areas also indicated that on the one hand, there are significant inequalities among the sectors in terms of space and, on the other hand, the distribution of the part of facilities examined in this study is not in favor of the deprived areas and benefits the advantaged regions. Finally, in the conclusion section , the implications of this situation were addressed and the strategies that can be taken into account in this regard were taken into consideration.
