The effective factors on place attachment in residential environments

Motalebi, Gh.; Khajuei, A.; Fanaei Sheykholeslami, F.

doi:10.22034/IJHCUM.2023.03.06

Document Type : ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Authors

¹ School of Architecture, University College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

² Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/IJHCUM.2023.03.06

Abstract

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Place attachment is among the most important aspects of the interaction between people and their places, to keep residential environments safe, sustained, and resilient. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the creation and enhancement of place attachment in residential settings, with a focus on physical elements. Given the significance of these factors in architecture and facility programming, the study aims to provide architects and designers with effective strategies for designing and redesigning residential environments. The results of this study on place attachment can be utilized in the architectural facility programming process and design decision-making.
METHODS: This study proposed a theoretical framework in which the relationship between subjective and objective physical and individual characteristics and time were the main components of making sense of place attachment. Using a survey method, the study investigated the significance of place attachment among residents of the 600-unit residential complex in Mashhad, Iran, through a questionnaire divided into three sections. The first section focused on individual characteristics and time spent in the complex, while the second and third sections measured the objective and subjective physical characteristics and the extent of people's attachment to the complex, respectively. The data from 158 participants were analyzed using SPSS and SmartPLS software.
FINDINGS: Results of SPSS analysis showed objective physical characteristics (p<.01, r=.241), as well as the subjective physical characteristics (p<.01, r=.223) and time (p<.01, r=.237), were the most important components affecting place attachment, highlighting the role of physical strategies used in the residential complex for creating and developing this feeling. Considering these physical factors affecting the establishment and enhancement of place attachment emphasizes the role of architects and planners in satisfying this crucial human need which directly affects people's personal and social health.
CONCLUSION: The results revealed time, subjective, and objective physical characteristics are three factors that have a direct impact on place attachment. Objective physical characteristics have a direct impact on place attachment and also indirectly impact it through their effect on subjective physical characteristics. On the other hand, the relationship between individual characteristics and place attachment is indirect, as individual characteristics affect the time spent in a place, and an increase in time spent leads to a stronger place attachment. The findings can be employed extensively in architectural programming in residential environments to improve the quality of life.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Urban architecture, design, development and planning

OPEN ACCESS

©2023 The author(s). This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third-party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

PUBLISHER NOTE

Tehran Urban Research and Planning Center Publisher remains neutral concerning jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

CITATION METRICS & CAPTURES

CURRENT PUBLISHER

Tehran Urban Research and Planning Center: Tehran Municipality

References

Ahrentzen, S.B., (1992). Home as workplace in the lives of women. In Altman, I, and Low, S.M. (Eds.), Place attachment: Human behavior and environment. Plenum Press, New York: 113-138 (26 pages).

Aliakbarzade Arani, Z.; Zanjari, N.; Delbari, A.; Foroughan, M.; Ghaedamini Harouni, Gh., (2021). Place attachment and aging: A scoping review. J. Hum. Behav. Soc. Environ., 32: 1-18 (18 pages).

Altman, I.; Low, S.M., (1992). Place attachment. Plenum Press, New York.

Anton, C.E.; Lawrence, C., (2014). Home is where the heart is: the effect of place of residence on place attachment and community participation. J. Environ. Psychol., 40: 451-461 (11 pages).

Ayati, H.; Khodakarami, F.; Mollayi, K.; Afaghpour, A., (2016). The impact of urban physical characteristics on development of religious tourism case study: shiraz city. Stud. Islamic Iranian city, 6(23): 43-60 (18 pages). (In Persian)

Beyer, K.M.M.; Kaltenbach, A.; Szabo, A.; Bogar, S.; Nieto, F.J.; Malecki, K.M., (2020). Exposure to neighborhood green space and mental health: Evidence from the survey of the health of Wisconsin. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health., 17(2): 3453-3472 (20 pages).

Bonaiuto, M.; Aiello, A.; Perugini, M.; Bonnes, M.; Ercolani, A.P., (1999). Multidimensional perception of residential environment quality and neighbourhood attachment in the urban environment. J. Environ. Psychol., 19(4): 331-352 (22 pages).

Bonaiuto, M.; Fornara, F.; Bonnes, M., (2003). Indexes of perceived residential environment quality and neighborhood attachment in urban environments: a confirmation study on the city of Rome. Landscape Urban Plann., 65(1-2): 41-52 (12 pages).

Bowlby, J., (1974). Attachment and loss. Vol 2: Separation: Anxiety and anger. Basic Books, New York.

Bretherton, I., (1992). The origins of attachment theory: John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth. Dev. Psychol., 28(5): 759-775 (17 pages).

Brown, B.; Perkins, D.D.; Brown, G., (2003). Place attachment in a revitalizing neighborhood: Individual and block levels of analysis. J. Environ. Psychol, 23(3): 259-271 (13 pages).

Brown, B.B.; Perkins, D.D., (1992). Disruptions in place attachment. In Altman, I. and Low, S. (Eds), Place attachment, Plenum, New York: 279-304 (26 pages).

Brown, G.; Brown, B.B.; Perkins, D.D., (2004). New housing as neighborhood revitalization: Place attachment and confidence among residents. Environ Behav, 36(6): 749-775 (27 pages).

Cochran, W.G., (1977). Sampling techniques. 3rd edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York.

Dallago, L.; Perkins, D.D.; Santinello, M.; Boyce, W., Molcho, M.; Morgan, A., (2009). Adolescent place attachment, social capital, and perceived safety: A comparison of 13 countries. Am. J. Community Psychol., 44, 148- 160 (13 pages)

Daneshpour, A.; Sepehri Moqaddam, M.; Charkhchian, M., (2009). Explanation to “place attachment” and investigation of its effective factors. JFAUP, 1(38): 37-48 (12 pages). (In Persian)

Daryanto, A.; Song, Z., (2021). A meta-analysis of the relationship between place attachment and pro-environmental behaviour. J. Bus. Res., 123: 208-219 (12 pages).

Devine-Wright, P., (2013). Think global, act local? The relevance of place attachments and place identities in a climate changed world. Glob Environ Change, 23(1): 61-69 (9 pages).

Fathebaghali, A.; Ghasemzadeh, B.; Muhammadi, S., (2016). Relationships between place attachment and satisfaction in the natural and historical site of Kandovan village. J. Hous. Rural. Environ. 35(155): 127-142 (16 pages). (In Persian)

Federal Facilities Council (2002). Learning from our buildings. A state of the practice summary of Post-Occupancy Evaluation-National Academy Press.

Feng, X.; Zhang, Zh.; Chen, X., (2022). Paper analysis of the relevance of place attachment to environment-related behavior: A systematic literature review. Sustainability, 14(23): 16073 (16 pages).

Gieling, J.; Haartsen, T.; Vermeij, L., (2018). Village facilities and social place attachment in the rural Netherlands. Rural. Sociol. J., 84(1): 66-92 (27 pages).

Gieryn, T.F., (2000). A space for place in sociology. Annu. Rev. Sociol., 26(1): 463-496 (34 pages).

Giuliani, M.V., (2003). Theory of attachment and place attachment. In Bonness, M., Lee, T., and Bonaiuto, M. (Eds.), Psychological theories for environmental issues, Aldershot.

Hair, J.F., (1998). Multivariate data analysis. 5th Edition. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.

Hashas, M.H, (2004). Residents' attachment to new urbanist versus conventional suburban developments (Ph.D. dissertation in community and environmental design, Advisor: Henry Sanoff). North Carolina State University (197 pages).

Hay, R., (1998). Sense of place in developmental context. J. Environ. Psychol, 18(1): 5-29 (25 pages).

Heidari, A.; Motalebi, Gh.; Moradian, S., (2019). Investigation of place attachment to three scales of home, neighborhood and city, (Case study: Shiraz city). JFAUP, 23(3): 95-106 (12 pages). (In Persian)

Hernández, B.; Hidalgo, M.C.; Salazar-Laplace, M.E.; Hess, S., (2007). Place attachment and place identity in natives and non-natives. J. Environ. Psychol, 27(4): 210-319 (10 pages).

Hernández, B.; Hidalgo, M.C.; Ruiz, C., (2020). Theoretical and methodological aspects of research on place attachment. In Manzo, L.C.; Devine-Wright, P. (Eds.), Place attachment: Advances in theory, methods and applications. Routledge (17 pages).

Hidalgo, M. C.; Hernandez, B., (2001). Place attachment: Conceptual empirical questions. J. Environ. Psychol, 21(3): 273-281 (9 pages).

Hummon, D., (1992). Community attachment: Local sentiment and sense of place. In Altman I. and Low S.M. (Eds.), Place Attachment, Plenum, New York: 253-278 (26 pages).

Jacobs, M., (1995). Sustainability and community: Environment, economic rationalism and the sense of place. Aust. Plan., 32(2): 109-115 (7 pages).

Javan Forouzande, A.J; Motalebi, Gh., (2011). The Concept of place attachment and its elements. Hoviatshahr J., 4(8): 27-37 (11 pages). (In Persian)

Jorgensen, B.S.; Stedman, R., (2001). Sense of place as an attitude: lakeshore property owners’ attitudes toward their properties. J. Environ. Psychol, 21(3): 233–248 (16 pages).

Kyle, G.T.; Mowen, A.J.; Tarrant, M., (2004). Linking place preferences with place meaning: An examination of the relationship between place motivation and place attachment. J. Environ. Psychol, 24(4): 439-454 (16 pages).

Kyle, G.; Graefe, A.; Manning, R., (2005). Testing the dimensionality of place attachment in recreational settings. Environ Behav, 37(2): 153-177 (25 pages).

Larson, L.R.; Cooper, C.B.; Stedman, R.C.; Decker, D.J.; Gagnon, R.J., (2018). Place-based pathways to proenvironmental behavior: Empirical evidence for a conservation–recreation model. Soc. Nat. Resour., 31(8): 871–891 (21 pages).

Lebrusán, I.; Gómez, M.V., (2022). The importance of place attachment in the understanding of aging in Place: “The Stones Know Me”. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19: 17052 (21 pages).

Lewicka, M., (2005). Ways to make people active: The role of place attachment, cultural capital, and neighborhood ties. J. Environ. Psychol, 25(4): 381- 395 (15 pages).

Lewicka, M., (2008). Place attachment, place identity and place memory: Restoring the forgotten city past. J. Environ. Psychol, 28(3): 209-231 (23 pages).

Lewicka, M., (2010). What makes neighborhood different from home and city? Effects of place scale on place attachment. J. Environ. Psychol, 30(1): 35–51 (17 pages).

Lewicka, M. (2011). Place attachment: How far have we come in the last 40 years?. J. Environ. Psychol, 31(3): 207-230 (24 pages).

Lin, S.; Wu, F.; Li, Z., (2020a). Beyond neighbouring: Migrants' place attachment to their host cities in China. Popul. Space Place, 27(1) (13 pages).

Lin, S.; Wu, F.; Li, Z., (2020b). Social integration of migrants across Chinese neighbourhoods. Geoforum, 112: 118–128 (11 pages).

Low, S.M.; Altman, I., (1992). Place attachment: A conceptual inquiry. In Altman, I., and Low, S.M. (Eds.), Place attachment. New York, Plenum Press: 1-12 (12 pages).

Maller, C.; Townsend, M.; Pryor, A.; Brown, P.; St Leger, L., (2006). Healthy nature healthy people: 'contact with nature' as an upstream health promotion intervention for populations. Health Promot Int., 21(1): 45-54 (10 pages).

Manzo, L.C., (2005). For better or worse: Exploring multiple dimensions of place meaning. J. Environ. Psychol, 25(1): 67-86 (20 pages).

Manzo, L.; Devine-Wright, P. (2020). Place attachment: Advances in theory, methods and applications. 2nd edition. Routledge, New York.

Masso, A.D.; Williams, D.R.; Raymond, C.M.; Buchecker, M.; Degenhardt, B.; Devine-Wright, P.; Hertzog, A.; Lewicka, M.; Manzo, L.; Shahrad, A.; Stedman, R.; Verbrugge, L.; Wirth, T., (2019). Between fixities and flows: Navigating place attachments in an increasingly mobile world, J. Environ. Psychol, 61: 125-133 (13 pages).

McCool, S.F.; Martin, S.R., (1994). Community attachment and attitudes toward tourism development. J. Travel Res., 32(3): 29-34 (6 pages).

McGrath, J.E., (1995). Methodology matters: doing research in the behavioral and social sciences. In: R. M. Baecker, et al. (Eds.), Readings in human–computer interaction: 152-169 (18 pages).

Mesch, G.S.; Manor, O., (1998). Social ties, environmental perception, and local attachment. Environ Behav., 30(4): 504-519 (16 pages).

Mikulincer, M.; Shaver, P.R., (2012). An attachment-theory framework for conceptualizing interpersonal behavior. In Horowitz, L.M. and Strack, S. (Eds.), Handbook of interpersonal psychology: Theory, research, assessment, and therapeutic interventions. John Wiley & Sons, Inc: 17-35 (19 pages)

Parikh, M.N.; Hazra, A.; Mukherjee, J.; Gogtay, N., (2010). Research methodology simplified: Every clinician a researcher. Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi (276 pages).

Parsoumash Consultant Engineering, (2010). Development and Detailed Plan of Western Middle Area of Mashhad, Investigation and analysis of demographic, economic, social and cultural characteristics, Mashhad. (In Persian)

Pirbabaei, M.; Gharehbaglou, M.; Alinam, Z., (2015). Place attachment process in urban studies: A cognitive psychology approach. Adv. Cogn. Sci., 17(1): 46-59 (14 pages). (In Persian)

Podsakoff, P.M.; MacKenzie, S.B.; Lee, J.Y.; Podsakoff, N.P., (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. J. Appl. Psychol., 88(5): 879-903 (25 pages).

Popov, L., (2004). The Market for Facility Programming: A Study of Client Preferences and Decision-Making. Forum Qual. Sozialforsch., 5(2) (33 pages).

Preiser, W.F.E., (2001). Feedback, feed forward, and control: post-occupancy evaluation to the rescue. Build. Res. Inf., 29(6): 456-459 (4 pages).

Preiser, W.F.E.; Hardy, A.E.; Schramm, U., (2018). Building performance evaluation: From delivery process to life cycle phases. 2nd Edition. Springer International Publishing.

Preiser, W.F.E.; Vischer, J.C., (2004). Assessing building performance. Routledge, London (256 pages).

Proshansky, H.M.; Fabian, A.K.; Kaminof, R., (1983). Place identity: Physical world socialization of the self. J. Environ. Psychol., 3(1): 57-83 (27 pages).

Ramkissoon, H.; Smith, L.D.G.; Weiler, B., (2013). Testing the dimensionality of place attachment and its relationships with place satisfaction and pro-environmental behaviours: A structural equation modeling approach. Tour. Manage., 36: 552-566 (15 pages).

Raymond, C.M.; Brown, G.; Weber, D., (2010). The measurement of place attachment: Personal, community, and environmental connections. J. Environ. Psychol., 30(4): 422- 434 (13 pages).

Reese, G.; Oettler, L.M.S.; Katz, L.C., (2019). Imagining the loss of social and physical place characteristics reduces place attachment. J. Environ. Psychol., 65: 101325 (6 pages)

Relph, E., (1976). Place and Placelessness. Pion Limited, London.

Rollero, C.; De Piccoli, N., (2010). Does place attachment affect social well-being?. Eur. Rev. Soc. Psychol., 60(4): 233-238 (6 pages).

Sanoff, H., (1977). Methods of architectural programming. Routledge, London (198 pages).

Sanoff, H., (1989). Facility programming. In Zube, E. and Moore, G.T. (Eds.), Advance in Environment, Behavior, and Design. Book series (AEBD, volume 2): 239-286 (48 pages).

Scannell, L.; Gifford, R., (2010a). Defining place attachment: A tripartite organizing framework. J. Environ. Psychol., 30(1): 1-10 (10 pages).

Scannell, L.; Gifford, R., (2010b). The relations between natural and civic place attachment and pro-environmental behavior. J. Environ. Psychol., 30(3): 289-297 (9 pages).

Shamai, S.; Ilatov, Z., (2005). Measuring sense of place: Methodological aspects. Tijdschr. Econ. Soc. Geogr., 96(5): 467-476 (10 pages).

Shamai, S., (1991). Sense of place: An empirical measurement. Geoforum, 22(3): 347-358 (12 pages).

Shumaker, S.A.; Taylor, R.B., (1983). Toward a clarification of people-place relationships: A model of attachment to place. In Feimer, N.R. and Geller, E.S. (Eds.), Environmental Psychology: Directions and Perspectives. Praeger, New York: 219-251 (33 pages).

Stedman, R.C., (2003). Is it really just a social construction?: the contribution of the physical environment to sense of place. Soc. Nat. Resour., 16(8): 671-685 (15 pages).

Stedman, R.C., (2006). Understanding place attachment among second home owners. Am. Behav. Sci., 50(2): 187-205 (19 pages).

Sun, Y.; Fang, Y.; Yung, E.H.K.; Chao, T.S.; Chan, E.H.W., (2020). Investigating the links between environment and older people’s place attachment in densely populated urban areas. J. Environ. Psychol., 203: 103897 (11pages).

Taylor, G.J.; Ryan, D.; Bagby, R.M., (1985). Toward the development of a new self-report alexithymia scale. Psychother. Psychosom., 44(4): 191-199 (9 pages).

Ujang, N., (2012). Place attachment and continuity of urban place identity. Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci., 49: 156-167 (12 pages).

Wang, Y.; Lo, H.P.; Yang, Y., (2004). The constituents of core competencies and firm performance. Evidence from high-technology firms in China. J. Eng. Tech. Manage., 21(4): 249–280 (32 pages).

Waxman, L., (2006). The coffee shop: social and physical factors inﬂuencing place attachment. J. Inter. Des., 31(3): 35-53 (19 pages).

Weiner, I.B.; Lerner, R.M.; Easterbrooks, M.A.; Mistry, J., (2012). Handbook of psychology, developmental psychology (Volume 6). 2nd edition (752 pages).

Williams, D.R.; Patterson, M.E.; Roggenbuck, J.W; Watson, A.E., (1992). Beyond the commodity metaphor, examining emotional and symbolic attachment to place. Leisure Sci., 14(1): 29-46 (18 pages).

Williams, D.R.; Vaske, J.J., (2003). The Measurement of place attachment: validity and generalizability of a psychometric approach. For. Sci., 49(6): 830-840 (10 pages).

Wixom, B.H.; Watson, H.J., (2001). An empirical investigation of the factors affecting data warehousing success. MIS Q., 25(1): 17-41 (25 pages).

LETTERS TO EDITOR

International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management (IJHCUM) welcomes letters to the editor for the post-publication discussions and corrections which allows debate post publication on its site, through the Letters to Editor. Letters pertaining to manuscript published in IJHCUM should be sent to the editorial office of IJHCUM within three months of either online publication or before printed publication, except for critiques of original research. Following points are to be considering before sending the letters (comments) to the editor.

[1] Letters that include statements of statistics, facts, research, or theories should include appropriate references, although more than three are discouraged.

[2] Letters that are personal attacks on an author rather than thoughtful criticism of the author’s ideas will not be considered for publication.

[3] Letters can be no more than 300 words in length.

[4] Letter writers should include a statement at the beginning of the letter stating that it is being submitted either for publication or not.

[5] Anonymous letters will not be considered.

[6] Letter writers must include their city and state of residence or work.

[7] Letters will be edited for clarity and length.

Name *

Email Address *

Affiliation *

Comments *

Security Code *

International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management

The effective factors on place attachment in residential environments

References

References

Send comment about this article

Volume 8, Issue 3 - Serial Number 31
July 2023
Pages 373-390

The effective factors on place attachment in residential environments

References

References

Send comment about this article

Volume 8, Issue 3 - Serial Number 31July 2023Pages 373-390

Volume 8, Issue 3 - Serial Number 31
July 2023
Pages 373-390