Urban architecture, design, development and planning
S. Sharifkazemi; M. Ghalambor dezfuli
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Urban space is like a living thing that affects the behavior of participants and is also influenced by their behavior, whether it affects the body or the meaning of the space. The importance of this issue has laid the foundation of environmental psychology, so that it has attracted ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Urban space is like a living thing that affects the behavior of participants and is also influenced by their behavior, whether it affects the body or the meaning of the space. The importance of this issue has laid the foundation of environmental psychology, so that it has attracted the attention of designers and urban planners to the application of the basic components of this branch of psychology in the design of urban spaces and public open environments. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of environment and behavior synomorph on the type of activity of users. The case study was Enghelab Street as an urban space has a historical background and a trans-regional functional scale was located in center of Tehran is suitable for examining patterns of environmental psychology, types of activities and their behaviors, as well as suggestions from field studies conducted.METHODS: This research is a descriptive-analytical research based on the basic-applied purpose. In data collection, quantitative-qualitative method was performed using exploratory studies and questionnaire analysis with SPSS software and analysis (version 22.0).FINDINGS: The growing number of participants respectively, make use of this space for compulsory, social, and optional activities. According to the required activities such as roundtrip time from work, most periods are between 7 to 11 a.m. after 6 to 9 p.m. The results obtained from the implementation of the Kruskal-Wallis test on the data show that the use of sample space for doing purpose compulsory, optional, and social activities is of equal importance in the sense that designing urban space following behavior and need is equally important among the users of space who choose with different purposes of social, optional, and compulsory activities. In more detail, the differences in the indicators were in the intimacy component (Sig: 0.024).CONCLUSION: These findings may provide that it is not important in what propose person use the place, the quality of urban place should be presented in the design of all public spaces of the city.
Urban ecology and related environmental concerns
M. Pishro; S. Khosravi; S.M. Tehrani; S.R. Mousavi
Abstract
The earth's surface, due to its natural conditions and its structure is always changing and reshaping. One of the created deformations is the land subsidence. This is the most dangerous events which can be seen in most urban areas especially in the agricultural plains today. This study aims at zoning ...
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The earth's surface, due to its natural conditions and its structure is always changing and reshaping. One of the created deformations is the land subsidence. This is the most dangerous events which can be seen in most urban areas especially in the agricultural plains today. This study aims at zoning land subsidence and recognition of geometrical factors in southwest of Tehran. To estimate and predict land subsidence, all the effective subsidence factors were identified. Among the factors, nine most important factors including, downfall of groundwater, thickness of clay, depth of groundwater, annual discharge of water from wells, the distance of well to each other, slop, elevation, land use and geology were evaluated. Ultimately, three variables were selected as the most important variables. For modeling and zoning these factors, artificial neural network using Matlab software and Arc-GIS software for creating primary layers were used. The results indicate that the main cause of subsidence is excessive removal of underground water resources. Since the use of water resources in agriculture is accounted for the highest percentage of consumption and also because a large part of the study area have an agriculture land use, therefore the underground water drop and agricultural land uses are the most susceptible areas of land subsidence occurrence.
Urban health, safety and environment (HSE)
A. Chaichi; Sh. Bakand; R. Yarahmadi
Abstract
Municipality of Tehran with huge number of employees and with the aim to reduce stress and promote the work efficiency, seriously wants to achieve suitable and utilizable studies. Osipow's job stress test is one of the best tools to reach this aim. Data population includes securities building of municipality ...
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Municipality of Tehran with huge number of employees and with the aim to reduce stress and promote the work efficiency, seriously wants to achieve suitable and utilizable studies. Osipow's job stress test is one of the best tools to reach this aim. Data population includes securities building of municipality of Tehran (88 persons from region 18 and 72 persons from region 20), who were randomly chosen to be participated in the current survey. For this purpose three types of working hours schedule such as full time shift ( 24 hrs work, 24 hrs rest ), day-shift and night-shift workers, were selected. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and processed by a professional test, MANOVA. Difference of scores in workload role and insufficiency role in subjects with considering of age groups in confidence 95% was valuable (p<0.05). Differences of scores in job stress and subscales of insufficiency role, ambiguity role with considering of work shifts in confidence 95% were statistically significant (p<0.05). At the end, differences of scores in subscales of role rang and responsibility with considering of job regions in confidence 95% were statistically significant (p<0.05).This survey determined that stress decreased with increasing the age. Also work shift had important role in the amount of stress. Therefore, the lowest level of stress was among night-shift workers and the highest stress level was among day-shift workers and 24-24 group was between them. Of course region of workers was related with job stress.
Urban architecture, design, development and planning
A. Lorestani; Z. Yaghoubpour; R. Shirzadian
Abstract
The process of spatial distribution of urban services in order to provide equitable access to opportunities and reduced regional disparities, and earning the highest citizen satisfaction are among the main challenges facing urban management. This requires knowledge of the current status of spatial distribution ...
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The process of spatial distribution of urban services in order to provide equitable access to opportunities and reduced regional disparities, and earning the highest citizen satisfaction are among the main challenges facing urban management. This requires knowledge of the current status of spatial distribution of public services in the city, followed by optimal resource allocation under varying circumstances. This analytical-comparative study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of urban public services, and rank different districts of Tehran in terms of benefiting from public services. To achieve this goal, quantitative models of planning, including factor analysis, composite Human Development Index, taxonomical model and standardization method were used. For the final ranking of districts of Tehran, the sum of numerical value of each district was calculated in four ways. Based on this method, districts 1, 3, 22, 12 and 6 were ranked first to fifth, and districts 13, 10, 8, 17 and 14 were ranked last, respectively. Using cluster analysis model, different districts of Tehran metropolis were clustered on the basis of numerical value of districts in the models used. Based on above-mentioned results, districts 1, 3, 12, 22, 6 and 21, with a final score of 66 and above, included in the first cluster and identified as over-developed districts; and districts 14, 10, 8 and 17, with a final score of 13 or less, included in the fifth cluster and identified as disadvantaged districts.
