The role of proportional systems in the forming of Sassanid square domes

Abaeian, H.; Hashemi, M.; Valibeig, N.; Mohammadpour, Sh.

doi:10.22034/ijhcum.2018.02.01

Document Type : ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Authors

¹ Department of Architecture , Isfahan University of Art, Isfahan, Iran

² Department of Architectural Conservation, Isfahan University of Art, Isfahan, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijhcum.2018.02.01

Abstract

One of the common monuments in the Sassanid era was the square dome. Interestingly, corners and parts of the square dome were always geometrically proportionate to each other. Square domes have been mainly studied in terms of their historical background as well as the materials used. The present research, however, aimed to examine the geometric proportions governing the formation of square domes in the Sassanid era. The data were mainly gathered from field studies. First, the intended monuments were individually studied: the sizes were carefully measured and recorded. Then, the data were simulated by Auto CAD and the geometric repetitive proportions of the parts were extracted. The results indicated that the ratio of the corner depth to the radius of the dome circle was 0.3; the ratio of the angle length to the inward length was 0.11 and that of the outward side to the inward side was 1.6.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Urban architecture, design, development and planning

References

Kharazmi, M ; Afhami, R.; Tavoosi, M., (2012). A Study of Practical Geometry in Sassanid Stucco Ornament in Ancient Persia, Persian Architecture and Mathematics, Springer; 14(2): 227-250 (24 pages).

Ardalan, N.; Bakhtiar, L.; Haider, S.G., (1973). The sense of unity: the Sufi tradition in Persian architecture (9). Chicago: University of Chicago Publication.

Bonner, J., (2003). Three traditions of self-similarity in fourteenth and fifteenth century Islamic geometric ornament. In Meeting Alhambra, ISAMA-BRIDGES Conference Proceedings. University of Granada, 1-12 (12 pages).

Creswell, C. A.; W.Allan, J., (1990). A Short Account of Early Muslim Architecture. (Vol.17) Hillenbrand: British Society for Middle Eastern Studies.

Ghrishman, R.; Ghirshman, T.; Walker,J . (1971). Bichapour. Paris.

Godard, A., (1965). The Art of Iran: New York, Frederick A. Praeger Publishers, 277, 283-284 (2 pages).

Grabar, O., (1963). The Islamic dome: Some Considerations. J. Soc. Archit. Hist., 22 (4): 191-198 (8 pages).

Hejazi, M., (2005). Geometry in nature and Persian architecture. Build. Environ., 40 (10): 1413-1427. (15 pages).

Hejazi, M. M., (1997). Historical buildings of Iran: Their architecture and structure. Computational Mechanics Publication, Southampton.

Hejazi, M.; Saradj, F. M., (2014). Persian Architectural Heritage: Architecture, Structure and Conservation. WIT Publication.

Hugi, H., (1977). Ghala Dokhtar, Atechkade : monuments sasanides près Firouzabad, Iran ; rapport préliminaire des projets de consolidation et restauration. Zürich: Published by: Organisation Nationale pour la Conservation des Monuments Historiques en Iran.

Kharazmi, M.; Afhami, R.; Tavoosi, M., (2012). A Study of Practical Geometry in Sassanid Stucco Ornament in Ancient Persia. Nexus Netw. J., 14 (2): 227-250 (24 pages).

Kovskaia, L. I. M.; Golombek, L., (1985). Toward the study of Forms in Central Asian Architecture at the end of the Fourteenth Century: The Mousoleum of Khvaja Ahmad Yasavi. Br. Inst. Persian Stud., 23: 109-127. (19 pages)

Kritchlow, k.; (1969). Order in space. Thames and Hudson Publication.

Mehdizadeh, F.; Tehrani, F.; Valibeig, N. ; (2011). Applying the ‘Hanjar’ Triangles in the Mathematical Calculation, Implementation and Enforcement of Traditional Iranian Architecture. Maremat-e Asar and Baft-haye Tarikhi-Farhangi, 1(1): 15-25 (11 pages). (In Persian)

Namjoo, A.; (2014). Chahar Taghi Structures of Iran, published by Jahad e Daneshgahi, 1(1).(in Persian).

Ozdural, A.; (2000). Mathematics and arts: Connections between theory and practice in the medieval Islamic world. Hist. Math., 27(2): 171-201 (31 Pages)

Rafiei, b. ; Rafiei zadeh, n.; Ranjbar, a.; (2005). Farhangh e Mehrazi. Tehran: Building and Housing Research Center, (in Persian).

Sarhangi, R., (1999). The Sky Within: Mathematical Aesthetics of Persian Dome Interiors. nexus netw. j., 1(1): 87-98 (12 pages).

Smith, E. B., (1971). The dome: A study in the history of ideas. Princeton: Princeton University Publication.

Valibeig, N.; Mehdizadeh, F.; Tehrani, F.; (2012). The Geometrical and Mathematical Analysis of Panjohaft Arches in Iranian Barrel Vaults. Maremat- e- Asar and Bafthaye Tarikhi-Farhangi, 2(3): 39-50. (12 pages). (In Persian)

Valibeig, N.; Mohammadi, H., (2016). Geometry and bonding rules position analysis in the formation of traditional Iranian architectural brick facades. nexus netw. J., 18(2): 467-479. (13 pages).

Vanden Berghe, L. ; (1977). Les Chahar Taqs du Pusht-I Kuh Luristan. Iranica Antiqua Leiden, (12):175-196 (22 Pages).

Zamani, A. ; (1977). Taasire Honare Sasani Dar Honare Eslami. tehran: Edare Kole Neghareshe Vezarate Farhangh va Honar. (in Persian).

LETTERS TO EDITOR

International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management (IJHCUM) welcomes letters to the editor for the post-publication discussions and corrections which allows debate post publication on its site, through the Letters to Editor. Letters pertaining to manuscript published in IJHCUM should be sent to the editorial office of IJHCUM within three months of either online publication or before printed publication, except for critiques of original research. Following points are to be considering before sending the letters (comments) to the editor.

[1] Letters that include statements of statistics, facts, research, or theories should include appropriate references, although more than three are discouraged.

[2] Letters that are personal attacks on an author rather than thoughtful criticism of the author’s ideas will not be considered for publication.

[3] Letters can be no more than 300 words in length.

[4] Letter writers should include a statement at the beginning of the letter stating that it is being submitted either for publication or not.

[5] Anonymous letters will not be considered.

[6] Letter writers must include their city and state of residence or work.

[7] Letters will be edited for clarity and length.

Name *

Email Address *

Affiliation *

Comments *

Security Code *

International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management

The role of proportional systems in the forming of Sassanid square domes

References

References

Send comment about this article

Volume 3, Issue 2 - Serial Number 10
April 2018
Pages 81-88

The role of proportional systems in the forming of Sassanid square domes

References

References

Send comment about this article

Volume 3, Issue 2 - Serial Number 10April 2018Pages 81-88

Volume 3, Issue 2 - Serial Number 10
April 2018
Pages 81-88