Allen, G.L., (1999). Cognitive abilities in the service of wayfinding: A functional approach. The Professional Geographer, 51(4): 555-561 (7 pages).

Cornell, E. H.; Heth, C. D., (2000). Route learning and wayfinding. In R., Kitchinand; S., Freundschuh (Eds.), Cognitive mapping: Past, present and future. Routledge, London and New York.

Couclelis, H.; Golledge, R.G.; Gale, N.; Tobler, W., (1987). Exploring the anchor-point hypothesis of spatial cognition. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 7(2): 99-122 (24 pages).

Cox, K.; Golledge, R., (1981). Behavioral Problems in Geography Revisited, Methuen, New York.

Downs, R.; Stea, D., (1977). Maps in Minds: Reflections on Cognitive Mapping, Harper and Row, New York.

Deakin, A.K., (1996). Landmarks as navigational aids on street maps. Cartography and Geographic Information Systems, 23(1): 21-36 (16 pages).

Denis, M., (1997). The description of routes: A cognitive approach to the production of spatial discourse. Cahiers de psychologie cognitive, 16(4): 409-458 (49 pages).

Darken, R. P.; Peterson, B., (2004). Spatial orientation, wayfinding and presentation. In K.M., Stanney (ed.), VE handbook, Vol. 28. Lawrence Erlbaum, London.

Evans, G.W.; Smith, C.; Pezdek, K., (1982). Cognitive maps and urban form. Journal of the American Planning Association, 48(2): 232-244 (13 pages).

Egenhofer, M.J.; Mark, D.M., (1995). September. Naive geography. In International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (pp. 1-15). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Galea, L.A.; Kimura, D., (1993). Sex differences in route-learning. Personality and individual differences, 14(1): 53-65 (13 pages).

Gould, P.; White, R., (1974). Mental Maps, Penguin, Baltimore.

Golledge, R.G., (1999). Human wayfinding and cognitive maps. Wayfinding behavior: Cognitive mapping and other spatial processes, 5-45 (41 pages).

Garling, T.; Book, A.; Lindberg, E., (1984). Cognitive mapping of large-scale environments the interrelationship of action plans, acquisition, and orientation. Environment and Behavior, 16(1): 3-34 (32 pages).

Heth, C.D.; Cornell, E.H.; Alberts, D.M., (1997). Differential use of landmarks by 8-and 12-year-old children during route reversal navigation. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 17(3): 199-213 (15 pages).

Hong, I., (2006). Communal ontology of landmarks for urban regional navigation. Journal of the Korean Geographical Society, 41(5): 582-599 (18 pages).

Lynch, K., (1960). The image of the city (Vol. 11). Cambridge, MIT Press, MA.

Lovelace, K.L.; Hegarty, M.; Montello, D.R., (1999). Elements of good route directions in familiar and unfamiliar environments. In: Freksa, C. and Mark, D. (Eds.), Spatial Information Theory. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1661. Springer, Berlin, 65-82 (18 pages).

Lawton, C.A.; Kallai, J., (2002). Gender differences in wayfinding strategies and anxiety about wayfinding: A cross-cultural comparison. Sex Roles, 47(9-10): 389-401 (13 pages).

Lyon, L., (1987). The Community in Urban Society, Dorsey Press, Chicago.

Michon, P.E.; Denis, M., (2001). When and why are Visual Landmarks Used in Giving Directions? In: Montello, D. (Ed.), Spatial Information Theory. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2205. Springer, Berlin, 292-305 (14 pages).

Montello, D.R., (1998). A new framework for understanding the acquisition of spatial knowledge in large-scale environments. Spatial and temporal reasoning in geographic information systems, 143-154 (12 pages).

Nothegger, C.; Winter, S.; Raubal, M., (2004). Selection of salient features for route directions. Spatial cognition and computation, 4(2): 113-136 (24 pages).

Otte, E.; Rousseau, R., (2002). Social network analysis: a powerful strategy, also for the information sciences. Journal of information Science, 28(6): 441-453 (13 pages).

Raubal, M., (2001). Agent-based simulation of human wayfinding: A perceptual model for unfamiliar buildings. Vienna University of Technology.

Raubal, M.; Winter, S., (2002). Enriching wayfinding instructions with local landmarks. In International Conference on Geographic Information Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 243-259 (17 pages).

Kitchin, R.; Freundschuh, S., (2000). Cognitive mapping. Cognitive mapping: Past, present and future, 1-8 (8 pages).

Ruddle, R.A.; Payne, S.J.; Jones, D.M., (1998). Navigating large-scale “desk-top” virtual buildings: Effects of orientation aids and familiarity. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 7(2): 179-192 (14 pages).

Song, D.; Norman, M., (1993). Nonlinear interactive motion control techniques for virtual space navigation. In Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium, 1993 IEEE (pp. 111-117). IEEE.

Sorrows, M.E.; Hirtle, S.C., (1999). The nature of landmarks for real and electronic spaces. In International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (pp. 37-50). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Timpf, S.; Frank, A., (1997). Using hierarchical spatial data structures for hierarchical spatial reasoning. Spatial Information Theory A Theoretical Basis for GIS, 69-83 (15 pages).

Tezuka, T.; Tanaka, K., (2005). Landmark extraction: A web mining approach. In International Conference on Spatial Information Theory. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 379-396 (18 pages).

Tversky, B.; Franklin, N.; Taylor, H.A.; Bryant, D.J., (1994). Spatial mental models from descriptions. J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci., 45(9): 656-668 (13 pages).

Tom, A.; Denis, M., (2003). Referring to landmark or street information in route directions: what difference does it make?. In International Conference on Spatial Information Theory Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 362-374 (13 pages).

Winter, S., Raubal, M., Nothegger, C., (2005). Focalizing measures of salience for route directions. In L. Meng, A. Zipf, and T. Reichenbacher (eds.), Map-based mobile services—Theories, methods and design implementations, Springer, Berlin. 127–142 (16 pages).

Whitaker, L.A.; Cuqlock-Knopp, G., (1992). Navigation in off-road environments: Orienteering interviews. Scientific Journal of Orienteering, 8(2): 55-71 (17 pages).