ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Selected trace elements evaluation in soil from an urban farming area
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Urban farming makes a substantial influence on the household economy of the urban poor especially in developing countries. Urban soil the hot spot of urban farming is a natural sink for contaminants especially the trace elements derived mainly from anthropogenic activities. This study’s aim was to quantify the concentrations of selected trace elements (Cr, Mn, Cu, Ni, and Zn) in topsoil (0-20 cm) and subsoil (21-50 cm) and to evaluate whether their concentration vary during dry and rainy season. METHODS: Grid soil sampling method was used to collect soil samples and their total concentration was determined using a portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer. FINDING: The study revealed that the topsoil had higher concentration than sub soil. The topsoil concentration in mg/kg were 61.62, 4042.58, 30.82, 43.90 and 456.43 for Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu and Zn respectively. The subsoil concentration in mg/kg were 54.67, 3791.38, 30.32, 27.83 and 370.32 for Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu and Zn respectively. It also noted that concentration of the trace elements was higher during dry season than wet season but not significantly different (P ≥ .05) for all the elements. CONCLUSION: This study recommends that the level of trace elements studied in the soil be monitored to ensure that it does not reach the harmful levels.
https://www.ijhcum.net/article_43264_99a747c9ef26c3ae73a2122475add272.pdf
2020-07-01
187
198
10.22034/IJHCUM.2020.03.01
Element concentration
Contamination
Soils, Trace elements
Urban farming
H.O.
Nyandika
hezekiahnyandika@gmail.com
1
Department of Environmental Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
LEAD_AUTHOR
E.
Kitur
estherkitur2015@gmail.com
2
Department of Environmental Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
AUTHOR
J.K.
Nzeve
jnzeve@gmail.com
3
Department of Environmental Sciences, Machakos University, Machakos, Kenya
AUTHOR
Abbaslou, H.; Martin, F.; Abtahi, A.; Moore, F., (2014). Trace element concentrations and background values in the arid soils of Hormozgan Province of southern Iran. Arch.Agron. Soil Sci., 60(8): 1125–1143 (19 pages).
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Cheng, Z., Paltseva, A., Li, I., Morin, T., Huot, H., Egendorf, S., … Shaw, R. (2015). Trace metal contamination in New York City garden soils. Soil Sci., 180(4-5): 167-174 (12 pages).
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Couce, M.L.A.; Vega, F.A., (2015). Cobalt , chromium and nickel contents in soils and plants from a serpentinite quarry. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth, 6: 323-335 (13 pages).
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Ding, Z.; Li, Y.; Sun, Q.; Zhang, H., (2018). Trace elements in soils and selected agricultural plants in the tongling mining area of China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 15(2): (12 pages).
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Eghbal, N.; Nasrabadi, T.; Karbassi, A.R.; Taghavi, L., (2019). Evaluating the potential of plants (leaves) in removal of toxic metals from urban soils (case study of a district in Tehran city). Pollution, 5(2): 387-394 (8 pages).
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Fazeli, G.; Karbassi, A.R.; Khoramnejadian, S.; Nasrabadi, T., (2018). Anthropogenic share of metal contents in soils of urban areas. Pollution, 4(4): 697-706 (10 pages).
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Ji, W.; Yang, T.; Ma, S.; Ni, W., (2012). Energy procedia heavy metal pollution of soils in the site of a retired paint and ink factory. Energy Procedia, 16: 21-26 (6 pages).
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43
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Optimization-based planning to assess the level of disaster in the city
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: After having struck in a major natural disaster like an earthquake, different organizations run about to decrease losses. The lack of accurate demand information is a common problem that all emergency response organizations have to encounter such a crisis. Evaluation of the City disaster level is a mean to feed this information to the disaster response operations. The objective of this research is eschedule a group of experts to assess relief demand. These evaluation teams need to be scheduled to minimize the evaluation time. METHODS: This paper aims to formulate the routing and scheduling of the assessment teams so that real demand information for savings and rescue would be available as soon as possible. The simulated annealing algorithm is used to solve the scheduling problem. FINDING: two cost functions, sum of arrival time and max completion time, were evaluated. The latest is found to perform better in evaluation of the teams performance. CONCLUSION:The performance of the approach is tested on several randomly generated networks and synthesized demand data. The results show a 13 % improvement in the total completion time of operation in comparison with previous approaches.
https://www.ijhcum.net/article_43318_734cbbfc9ed0ff91e7152c9c9bac121b.pdf
2020-07-01
199
206
10.22034/IJHCUM.2020.03.02
Demand information
Disaster Management
Relief assessment routing
Scheduling and optimization
Simulated Annealing
A.
Edrisi
edrisi@kntu.ac.ir
1
Faculty of Civil Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Nadi
anadi@mail.kntu.ac.ir
2
Faculty of Civil Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
M.
Askari
m-askari@email.kntu.ac.ir
3
Faculty of Civil Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Albris, K.; Lauta, K.C.; Raju, E., (2020). Strengthening governance for disaster prevention: The enhancing risk management capabilities guidelines. Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 47: 101647 (8 pages).
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Aviv, Y., (2003). A time-series framework for supply-chain inventory management. Oper. Res., 51(2): 210-227 (18 pages).
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Bai, X., (2016). Two-Stage multiobjective optimization for emergency supplies allocation problem under integrated uncertainty. Math. Prob. Eng., 2823835: 1-13 (13 pages).
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Chen, L.; Miller-Hooks, E., (2012). Optimal team deployment in urban search and rescue. Transport. Res. Bart B: Methodological, 46(8): 984-999 (16 pages).
8
Edrisi, A.; Askari, M., (2019). Probabilistic budget allocation for improving efficiency of transportation
9
networks in pre-and post-disaster phases. Int. J. Disast. Risk Re., 39: 101113 (9 pages).
10
Edrisi, A.; Askari, M., (2020). Multi-objective location model of earthquake shelters. Int. J. Hum. Capital in Urban Manage., 5(1): 19-26 (8 pages).
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Edrissi, A.; Poorzahedy, H.; Nassiri, H.; Nourinejad, M., (2013). A multi-agent optimization formulation of earthquake disaster prevention and management. Eur. J. Oper. Res., 229(1): 261-275 (15 pages).
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Huang, M.; Smilowitz, K.R.; Balcik, B., (2013). A continuous approximation approach for assessment routing in disaster relief. Transport. Res. Part B-Meth., 50: 20-41 (22 pages).
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Li, D.; Zhou, H., (2018). Robust Optimization for Vehicle Routing Problem Under Uncertainty in Disaster Response. 15th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM), Hangzhou (5 pages).
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Luis, E.; Dolinskaya, I.S.; Smilowitz, K.R., (2012). Disaster relief routing: Integrating research and practice. Socio. Econ. Plan. Sci., 46(1): 88-97 (10 pages).
19
Malik, M.; Cruickshank, H., (2016). Disaster management in Pakistan. Proc. I. Civ. Eng. Munic., 169(2): 85-99 (15 pages).
20
Nadi, A.; Edrisi, A., (2017). Adaptive multi-agent relief assessment and emergency response. Int. J. Disast. Risk. Reduct., 24: 12-23 (12 pages).
21
Özdamar, L.; Ekinci, E.; Küçükyazici, B., (2004). Emergency logistics planning in natural disasters. Ann. Oper. Res., 129: 217-245 (29 pages).
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Rodriguez-Espindola, O.; Alborez, P.; Brewster, C., (2018). Dynamic formulation for humanitarian response operations incorporating multiple organisations. Int. J. Prod. Econ., 204: 83-98 (16 pages).
23
Sarma, D.; Das, A.; Bera, U.K., (2020). Uncertain demand estimation with optimization of time and cost using Facebook disaster map in emergency relief operation. Appl. Soft Comput., 87: 105992.
24
Sheu, J.B., (2007). An emergency logistics distribution approach for quick response to urgent relief demand in disasters. Transport. Res. Part E, Logist. Transport. Rev., 43(6): 687-709 (23 pages).
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26
Tang, J.; Zhu, K.; Guo, H.; Liao, C.; Zhang, S., (2017). Simulation optimization of search and rescue in disaster relief based on distributed auction mechanism. Algorithms, 10(4): 125 (17 pages).
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Wex, F.; Schryen, G.; Feuerriegel, S.; Neumann, D., (2014). Emergency response in natural disaster management: Allocation and scheduling of rescue units. Eur. J. Oper. Res, 235(3): 697-708 (12 pages).
28
Wu, Y.; Chen, S., (2019). Resilience modeling of traffic network in post-earthquake emergency medical response considering interactions between infrastructures, people, and hazard. Sustainable Resilient Infrastruct., 4(2): 82-97 (16 pages).
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Yi, W.; Kumar, A., (2007). Ant colony optimization for disaster relief operations. Transport. Res. E-Log., 43(6): 660-672 (13 pages).
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31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The impact of coronavirus induced general holiday on air quality in urban area
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Bangladesh government declared a general holiday beginning on March 26, 2020 aimed to combat coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of the general holiday on air quality in Dhaka city area of Bangladesh. METHODS: Hourly PM2.5 (aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm) data was collected from publicly available World's Air Pollution: Real-time Air Quality Index Project from March 1 to May 16 for the five years 2016 to 2020. Tukey Multiple Comparison test was conducted to address the observable level of air quality changes between the years. Additionally, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer using the Aerosol Optical Depth with 550nm wavelength was analyzed during the same time period. FINDING: This Study found that, between April 7 and May 16, the mean daily reading of PM2.5 was less in 2020 when compared to previous years. The mean hourly reported PM2.5 during working hours of 6AM and 8 PM for 2020 was statistically lower (at α= 0.01 level) than all other years 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016. The mean hourly reported PM2.5 for 2019 was statistically higher (at α = 0.01 level) than all other years 2020, 2018, 2017, and 2016. The Bus Rapid Transit and Mass Rapid Transit Construction in 2019 contributed between 24.2% and 38.6% of the PM2.5 dust during this period. The elimination of diesel bus traffic during working hours in 2020 reduced the dust levels between 15.9% and 36.3% compared to the previous four years. A declining trend of AOD550 values was observed from April 7 to May 16, 2020 compared to previous four years (2016-2019). CONCLUSION: During the general holiday period in Dhaka, the daily and working hour PM2.5 as well as daily Aerosol Optical Depth were reduced compared to previous four years (2016-2019). Government action is recommended to reduce dust created during major construction projects. It is recommended the government authorize the replacement of buses with less polluting vehicles.
https://www.ijhcum.net/article_43317_baaf8a549f86d8ff6d4485542ecb2c31.pdf
2020-07-01
207
216
Corona Virus
Air quality index (AQI)
General Holiday
pollution
A.A.
Nayeem
nayeem@stamforduniversity.edu.bd
1
Department of Environmental Science, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.K.
Majumder
dk@stamforduniversity.edu.bd
2
Department of Environmental Science, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
W.S.
Carter
carter@findlay.edu
3
Department of Environmental Science, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
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He, L.; Zhang, S.; Hu, J.; Li, Z.; Zheng, X.; Cao, Y.; Xu, G.; Yan, M.; Wu,Y., (2020). On road emission measurements of reactive nitrogen compounds from heavy duty diesel trucks in China. Environ. Pollut., 262: 114280 (25 Pages).
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Hossain, M.M.; Majumder, A.K.; Islam, M.; Nayeem, A.A., (2019). Study on ambient particulate matter (PM2.5) with different mode of transportation in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Am. J. Pure Appl. Sci., 1(4): 12-19 (8 Pages).
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Wang, P.; Chen, K.; Zhu, S.; Wang, P.; Zhang, H., (2020). Severe air pollution events not avoided by reduced anthropogenic activities during COVID-19 outbreak. Resour. Conserv. Recycl., 158: 104814 (9 pages).
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32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Exploring relationship between the development of small and medium scale enterprises and the employment of universities graduate
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Over recent years the employment creation discussion was massively raised especially about university graduates and demands from Iran's government increased. The prediction of the youth unemployment rate during the period from 2015 to 2021 showed that with an annual growth rate of 5%, in the last year of the period, the unemployment rate for youth would be equal to 9.36%, and for university graduates will be 36%. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to provide an applied model for small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) development and university graduates’ employment in Iran. METHODS: In this regard, an appropriate model was defined by studying the literature about small and medium enterprises development models and extracting effective factors according to Iran’s situation. In the second stage, after selecting a sample of 60 small and medium enterprises in Iran, in order to quantitatively testing the model, the data were collected by a questionnaire and were analyzed with the help of PLS software. In the third stage, the relative importance of factors were tested from the perspective of 10 experts in the field of entrepreneurship with more than 15 years of work experience with the help of ANP and PROMETHEE methods. FINDING: The results shows the preference value (Φ) of these factors respectively include the parameters of: Technology, innovation, and competitiveness (Φ=0.72); Financial support programs (Φ=0.63); Education and consultancy services (Φ=-0.38); Cooperative relationships (Φ=-0.41); and Export development (Φ=-0.55). CONCLUSION: Changing market conditions enable SMEs to respond more agile and faster to customer needs, improve the quality of their products, reduce the cost of their production, and their tendency to recruit university graduates.
https://www.ijhcum.net/article_43171_2038f88e9240a8bd897970aa717561b8.pdf
2020-07-01
217
230
10.22034/IJHCUM.2020.03.04
Small and Medium scale Enterprises
development of Small and Medium Enterprises
Employment of Universities Graduate
S.H.
Mesaeli
shima.physics@gmail.com
1
Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran
AUTHOR
Y.
Vakil Alroaia
younos.vakil@gmail.com
2
Entrepreneurship and Commercialization Research Center, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran,
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amin aghai, M., (2008). Investigating the factors affecting the employment rate of small businesses in Iran. Soc. Sci. 15(41): 87-123 (37 pages). (In Persian)
1
Amini. A., (2015). Analysis of the labor market and employment policies of Iran's economy with emphasis on the Fourth Economic, Social and Cultural Development Plan. Econ. J., 15:23-40 (18 pages). (In Persian).
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Brans, J.P.; Vincke, P.; Mareschal, B., (1986). How to select and how to rank projects: The PROMETHEE method. Eur. J. Oper. Res., 24(2): 228-238 (11 pages).
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Bodlaj, M.; Kadic-Maglajlic, S.; Vida, I., (2018). Disentangling the impact of different innovation types, financial constraints and geographic diversification on SMEs' export growth. J. Bus. Res., 108, (January 2020): 466-475 (10 pages).
4
Chen, L.; Xu, J.; Zhou, Y., (2017). Regulating the environmental behavior of manufacturing SMEs: Interfirm alliance as a facilitator. J. Clean. Prod., 165: 393-404 (12 pages).
5
Entezari, Y., (2016). Higher Education and Graduates Employment Capacities. Iranian Higher Education Journal, 8:1-25 (25 pages). (In Persian)
6
Falk, M.; Figueira de Lemos, F., (2019). Complementarity of R&D and productivity in SME export behavior. J. Bus. Res., 96: 157-168 (12 pages).
7
Garcia-Perez-de-Lema, D.; Madrid-Guijarro, A.; Martin, D.P., (2017). Influence of university–firm governance on SMEs innovation and performance levels. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change, 123: 250-261 (12 pages).
8
Giotopoulos, I.; Kontolaimou, A.; Korra, E.; Tsakanikas, A., (2017). What drives ICT adoption by SMEs? Evidence from a large-scale survey in Greece. J. Bus. Res., 81: 60-69 (10 pages).
9
Gorsuch, R.L., (1983). Factor Analysis. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Hillsdale, NJ.
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Institute of Research and Planning in Higher Education, (2018). Iranian higher education statistics at a glance for the academic year 2017-2018. IOP Publishing irpheWeb.
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Jernström, E.; Karvonen, V., Kässi, T., Kraslawski, A.; Hallikas, J., (2017). The main factors affecting the entry of SMEs into bio-based industry. J. Clean. Prod. 141:1-10 (10 pages).
12
Latifian, A., (2006). The Role of Information Technology in Entrepreneurship and the Creation of Employment for Academic Graduates. The first conference on the identification of capabilities, obstacles and employment strategies for university graduates. (In Persian)
13
Limaj, E.; Bernroider, E.W.N., (2019). The roles of absorptive capacity and cultural balance for exploratory and exploitative innovation in SMEs. J. Bus. Res., 94: 137-153 (17 pages).
14
Lin, F.J.; Lin, Y.H., (2016). The effect of network relationship on the performance of SMEs. J. Bus. Res., 69: 1780-1784 (5 pages).
15
Malek Saeedi, H., (2017). Analysis of Allocation of Credit Facilities Granted by Agricultural Bank to Create Job Opportunities in the Agricultural Sector: The Case of Farmers in Bushehr Province. J. Agric. Educ. Ext., 9: 35-42 (8 pages). (In Persian)
16
Mamman, A.; Bawole, J.; Agbebi, M.; Alhassan, AR., (2019). SME policy formulation and implementation in Africa: Unpacking assumptions as opportunity for research direction. J. Bus. Res., 97: 304-315 (12 pages).
17
Movvahedi, R., (2017). Analysis of Barriers to Agricultural Graduates' Employment. J. Agri. Educ. Admin. Res., 9: 79-95 (17 pages). (In Persian)
18
Mozayyeni, A.H., (2017). Pathology of recruiting graduates to the labor market (with emphasis on the role of science and technology parks). Iran. Higher Educ. J., 9: 19-50 (32 pages). (In Persian)
19
Ormazabal, M.; Prieto-Sandoval, V.; Puga-Leal, R.; Jaca, C., (2018). Circular Economy in Spanish SMEs: Challenges and opportunities. J. Clean. Prod., 185:157-167 (11 pages).
20
Özer, K.O.; Latif, H.; Sarıışık, M.; Ergün, Ö., (2012). International Competitive Advantage of Turkish Tourism Industry: A Comperative Analyse of Turkey and Spain By Using The Diamond Model of M. Porter. Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci., 58:1064-1076 (13 pages).
21
Parsapour, S.; Barati, J.; Rasoul zadeh, M., (2017). Investigating the Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Small Firms and Entrepreneurs (Case Study of Industrial Firms of Mashhad). J. Dev. Entrep., 10: 41-60 (20 pages). (In Persian)
22
Rahnavard, F.; Husseini, M., (2005). Key factors in the success of employment in the industrial sector. J. Manage. Dev. Proc., 63:7-18 (12 pages). (In Persian)
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Saaty, T.L., (1996). Decision Making with Dependence and Feedback: The Analytic Network Process. Rws Publications, Pittsburgh.
24
Saridakis, G.; Lai, Y.; Mohammed, A.M.; Hansen, J.M., (2018). Industry characteristics, stages of E-commerce communications, and entrepreneurs and SMEs revenue growth. Technol. Forecast Soc. Change, 128: 56-66 (11 pages).
25
Tayyebi, SK.; Satei, M.; Samimi, P., (2010). The Effect of Bank Facility on Employment of Iran's Economic Sectors. J. Money Econ., 2: 1-33 (33 pages). (In Persian)
26
UNIDO., (2003). Stragegy document to enhance the contribution of an efficient and competitive small and medium-sized enterprise sector to industrial and economic development in the Islamic Republic of Iran. IOP Publishing UNIDOWeb.
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30
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of road transport quality on urban dwellers’ satisfaction
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The significance of road mobility in any nation cannot be far-fetched or beyond economic purpose, spatial interaction and social integration. It contributes enormously to the livelihood of human existence most especially by facilitating regional complementarity of trade, intervening opportunities, and spatial transferability. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of road transport quality on urban dwellers’ satisfaction in Kogi state, Nigeria. METHODS: The study adopted a survey research design and systematic sampling method to elucidate primary data through questionnaire from 1215 respondents. FINDING: It was revealed that the status of the road network has an influence on the transport rate charge per trip at a correlation value of 0.998 and significant value of 0.000; and on the comfort derived from the passengers at correlation value of 0.545 and significant value of 0.000. The provision of transport scheme has an influence on the transport rate charge per trip at the correlation value of 0.905 and significant value of 0.000; and on the quality of road transport comfort at a correlation value of 0.523 and significant value of 0.000. The timely response of road maintenance and sub road infrastructure maintenance has an influence on the transport rate charge per trip at a correlation value of 0.545 and significant value of 0.000; and on the quality of road transport comfort at correlation value of 0.912 and significant value of 0.000. The communication link between the agencies in charge of road transport and the people in the study area influences the compliance of road transport operators with road safety rules and regulations at a correlation value of 0.565 and significant value of 0.000. CONCLUSION: The condition of the vehicle has a great impact on the level of comfort.
https://www.ijhcum.net/article_40573_9e361d14a74c46696deb1c8e2d9c7b25.pdf
2020-07-01
231
240
10.22034/IJHCUM.2020.03.05
Kogi state
Road quality
Satisfaction
urban dwellers
S.O.
Olorunfemi
soolorunfemi@futa.edu.ng
1
Department of Transport Management Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.O.
Adeniran
4tynil@gmail.com
2
Department of Transport Management Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Adeniran, A. O., (2016). Effects of fuel subsidy on transport costs and transport rates in Nigeria. J. Energy Technol. Policy, 6(11): 1-9 (9 pages).
1
Akeem, T.N.; Olanrewaju, M.H.; Unekwu, C.A. (2020). Public transport service and passengers’ satisfaction in Kogi state: an empirical investigation. Econ. Insights-Trends and Challenges VII (LXX): 57-71 (15 pages).
2
Akhuewu, U., (2010).Impacts of On-Street Parking on Commercial Activities in Auchi.Unpublished HND Dissertation, Department of Urban and Regional Planning Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria.
3
Antonucci, L.; Crocetta, C.; d’Ovidio, F.D.; Toma, E., (2014). Passenger satisfaction: A multi-group analysis. Qual and Quant, 48, 337-345 (9 pages).
4
Barabino, B.; Deiana, E.; Tilocca, P., (2012). Measuring service quality in urban bus transport: a modified SERVQUAL approach. Int. J. Qual. Serv., 4(3): 238-252(15 pages).
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Bennett, C.R.; Greenwood, I.D., (2001). Modelling road user and environmental effects in HDM-4. International Study of Highway Development and Management Tools (ISOHDM). World Road Association (PIARC) and World Bank, Paris and Washington D.C., Volume Seven.
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Clinton, E.; Oluwaseun, O.; Zomatic, T., (2017). Comparative study of the effect of the transport system on the economic growth of Nigeria. J. Econ. Trade, 2(1): 30-43 (14 pages).
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Fadare, S.O.; Adeniran, A. O., (2018).Comparative analysis of publicly operated airport terminal and concessioned airport terminal in Lagos, Nigeria. Discovery, 54(272): 304-318(15 pages).
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Hopkins, D. C.; Lumsden, J. L.; Norton, J. A., (1991). Wellington's lifeline in earthquakes projects: an outline of a major review. Proceedings of Third US Conference on Lifeline
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Earthquake Engineering, Los Angeles, American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Jean-Paul, R.; Claude, C.; Brian, S., (2006). Geography of transport systems. Third Edition by Rutledge.
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Johnson, M. D.; Gustafsson, A.; Andreasson, T. W.; Cha, J.L., (2001). The evolution and future of national customer satisfaction index models. J. Econ. Psychology, 22: 217-245 (29 pages).
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Kamaruddin, R.; Osman, I.; Pei, C. A. C., (2012). Customer expectations and its relationship towards public transport in Klang valley: Customer expectations and its relationship using SEM. Procedia-Social Behav. Sci.,36: 431-438(8 pages).
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MWUD, (2018). Ministry of Works and Urban Development, Kogi State.
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Kostakis, A.; Pandelis, I., (2009).Measuring customer satisfaction in public transportation: An empirical study based on urban buses in the city of Larissa. The MUSA Method.NIBES, 260-275(16 pages).
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Olorunfemi, S.O., (2013).Assessment of on-street parking in Lokoja, Nigeria.Unpublished Master Thesis, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria.
36
Olorunfemi, S. O.; Adeniran, A.O., (2018).Assessment of Passengers’ Satisfaction of Public Transport System in Akure-Owo Axis, Nigeria. Am. Int. J. Multi. Sci. Res., 4(1): 1-13(13 pages).
37
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48
Zhang, K.; Zhou, K.; Zhang, F., (2014). Evaluating bus transit performance of Chinese cities: developing an overall bus comfort model. Transp. Res. Part A. (69):105-112(8 pages).
49
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Forming a unique identity derived from cultural values hidden in the collective memories of citizens
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The city is not just about appearance. People are present and live with architectural and urban spaces. The changes of Bojnord city after becoming the provincial capital have had many and sometimes destructive effects on the city. The issue of bad identity of cities is not a new one, but how to deal with it, despite the history of the problem, is still unclear. The present research tends to shape the specific identity of Bojnord city based on the cultural values of the city (collective memories and narratives). Therefore, the concept of collective memories of the city has been investigated based on the experiences of residents of Bojnord. METHODS: The research was carried out using the Grounded Theory method and qualitative paradigm. The participants included 51 people including 32 women and 19 men, residing (as native) in Bojnord. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. FINDING: According to the findings, the results of the review of the data were inferred in the 6-core categories, 41-Categories, 55-main Concepts, and 156-point (code) in the Maxqda software. Also, "location tagging (Space labeling) "(46.8percent/73 referrals) and "Native Arts and Local Events" (22.4 percent/35 referrals) were identified as the two main categories with the highest frequency of referenced indications. “The history of the city and its structure" (12.3 percent / 19 referrals) and "wall design" (7.7percent/ 12 referrals) are in the next priorities, respectively. CONCLUSION: Results indicate the urgent need to identify the particular concept of “collective memories" of each city to revitalize cultural value and the individual and social identity of it, over time.
https://www.ijhcum.net/article_43450_482de687fb737f434f5d98deed1d801d.pdf
2020-07-01
241
250
10.22034/IJHCUM.2020.03.06
Bojnord
citizens
collective memories
Identity
Cultural Value
Gh.
Motalebi
ghasemmotalebi1390@gmail.com
1
School of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
sedaghati
a.sedaghati@tabriziau.ac.ir
2
Department Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Bayliss, D., (2004(. Creative planning in Ireland: the role of culture‐led development in Irish planning. Eur. Plan. Stud., 12(4): 497-515 (19 pages).
1
Confino, A., (1997). Collective memory and Cultural History: Problems of Method., Am. Hist. Rev., 102(5): 1386-1403 (18 pages).
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Crinson, M., (2005). Urban Memory -History and amnesia in the modern city, published by Routledge (233 pages).
3
Daneshpour, A.H., (2004). An introduction to the meaning and function of the identity of the man-made environment. , Bagh Nazar J., 1: 59-70 (12 pages). (In Persian).
4
Dogan, E., Sirkeci, I., (2013). The impact of a mega-event on city branding: The European Capital of Culture 2010 and the image of Istanbul, Border Crossing. Transnational Working Papers., 1303: 29-50 (22 pages).
5
Ebrahimi Nezhad, A., Moghadasian, M., (2014). Recognition of Valuable Variables depending to Historical-Cultural Contexts for Planning for Urban Restoration, Case Study: city of Mashhad., Articles of the 6th National Conference on Urban Planning and Management concentrating on the components of the Islamic city of Mashhad (17 pages). (In Persian).
6
Eyerman, R., (2001). Cultural trauma: Slavery and the formation of African American identity. Cambridge University Press. (304 pages).
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Farasat, N., (2011). Qualitative research methodology in psychology: Combined approaches, translated by: Amani, M., Shabahang, M. J., Sanjesh and Danesh Press., 1st Edition (In Persian).
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Fazeli, N., (2013). Culture and the city; cultural change in urban discourses. Tisa press., 2nd edition (In Persian).
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Halbwachs, M., (1939). Individual consciousness and collective mind. University of Chicago Press Terms and Conditions: 812-822 (11 pages).
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Harold, J., Fong, E., (2017). Mobilizing memory: collective memory schemas and the social boundaries of Jews in Toronto. Ethn. Racial Stud.: 1-19 (19 pages).
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Hobard, Ph., (2015). City, translated by Khakbaz, A., Scientific and Cultural Publishing Company., 1st Edition (In Persian).
13
Hojjat, I., (2005). Humanistic Identity, Identity Making Human (Reviewing in relation of Identity and Architecture). Fine Arts., 24: 55-62 (8 pages). (In Persian).
14
Huyssen, A., (1997).The Voids of Berlin, Crit. Inq., 24(1): 57-81 (25 pages).
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Jein, G.; Rorato, L.; Saunders, A., (2017). Introduction: City margins, city memories. J. Contemp. Eur. Stud., 25(4) 405-411 (7 pages).
16
Khankeh, H.R.; Mohammadi, R.; Ahmadi, F., (2007). The status of health service supply at the time of natural disasters: A qualitative study. Iran. Q. Nur., 20(51): 85- 95 (11 pages). (In Persian).
17
Lak, A., (2014). Application of Grounded Theory in Urban Design Research., Sofeh J., 64: 43-60 (18 pages). (In Persian).
18
Lewicka, M., (2008). Place attachment, place identity, and place memory: Restoring the forgotten city past. J. Environ. Psychol., 28: 209–231 (23 pages).
19
Massoud, M., Beigzadeh, H.R., (2012). Intermediate Buildings in Historical Contexts, Azarakhsh Press., Tehran (In Persian).
20
Misztal, B.A., (2010). Collective memory in a global age: Learning how and what to remember. Curr. Sociol., 58(1): 24-44 (21 pages)
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Mumford, l., (1970). The culture of cities, United States of America: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich., Publishers. (634 pages).
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Naghizadeh, M., (2002). The Effect of Architecture and City on Cultural Values, Fine Arts Q., 11: 62-76 (15 pages). (In Persian).
23
Rahimnia, R., Gharati, M., Zamanfar, A., (2015). Application of Grounded Theory in Researches related to Native Knowledge of Protection; An Approach to the Conservation of Intangible Cultural Heritage, Two Quarterlies of Native Iranian Studies., 2(4): 143-175 (33 pages). (In Persian).
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Rapoport, A., (2008). Some further thoughts on culture and environment. J. Archit. Plann. Res., 2(1): 16-39 (24 pages).
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Rezvani, L., (2016). The Culture and Identity of Neighborhood, Sociologists’ Press., 1st Edition (In Persian).
26
Ryan, M.; Ogilvie, M., (2011). Uncovering hidden meanings, values and insights through photos., E.J.B.R.M., 9(1): 25-34 (10 pages).
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Tighe, J.R.; Opelt, T.J., (2016). Collective memory and planning: the continuing legacy of urban renewal in Asheville, NC. J. Plann. History, 15(1): 46-67 (22 pages).
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29
Yuen, B., (2005(. Searching for place identity in Singapore. Habitat Int., 29(2): 197-214 (18 pages).
30
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of rainfall on natural attenuation of diesel and waste oil within urban base transceiver stations
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Very low grid power penetration in some urban areas has led to telecoms companies investing massively in the deployment of diesel generators (DGs). These deployments have led to diesel and waste oil spill at base transceiver station (BTS) sites during maintenance cycles, impacting the environment and human activities. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of different rainfall intensities on the amount of waste oil and diesel leached or retained in the soil during natural attenuation. METHODS: The soil at base transceiver station was analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). The experiment was carried out following the design of experiment approach with a 33 factorial. Three factors include contaminant volume, rainfall intensity, and soil depth on which the two response variables (leached and retained were utilized. FINDING: It was observed that rainfall intensities at 5mm/hr, 7.25, 9, and 10mm/hr has a significant impact on the amount of waste oil leached (1611.63mg/l) and retained (15888.9%) in the soil, though the amount of oil leached is inversely proportional to the amount retained as affected by different rainfall intensities considered in this work. Additionally, it was observed that rainfall intensity increases as the amount of oil leached decreases at higher soil depth while the amount of oil retained increases at lower soil depth. However, the significance of the impact of the different rainfall intensities is dependent on the soil depth. CONCLUSION: The regression coefficient was found to be 72 % for waste oil retained and 67 % for the leached amount, hence the quadratic model developed in this study, demonstrated a higher accuracy for %retained rather than the amount of oil leached. However, this implies that the model is reliable, dependable, effective and accurate and thus recommended for use.
https://www.ijhcum.net/article_43277_a122bacbf8687917ed605388a50dbe22.pdf
2020-07-01
251
266
10.22034/IJHCUM.2020.03.07
Impact
leached
rainfall intensities
retained
statistical evaluation
waste oil and diesel
O.N.
Theophilus
titotheo@gmail.com
1
Centre for Occupational Health Safety and Environment, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
LEAD_AUTHOR
O.
Akaranta
onyewuchi.akaranta@uniport.edu.ng
2
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
AUTHOR
E.
Ugwoha
ugwohaej@gmail.com
3
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Organizational culture and its impact on organizational productivity
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Organizational culture is a topic that has recently emerged in management knowledge and in the domain of organizational behavior. Following new theories and research in management, organizational culture has become increasingly important and has become one of the central focus of management. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dimensions and indicators affecting organizational culture in order to improve organizational culture and productivity based on the Denison Model in District 19 of the Municipality of Tehran, Iran. METHODS: The research method was descriptive-correlational and Denison's organizational culture questionnaire which assesses organizational culture based on four dimensions of involvement in work, compatibility, adaptability and, mission were used. Each of these four dimensions has three defined indicators. The statistical population of the study consisted of all employees of District 19 of Tehran Municipality, 148 of whom completed the questionnaire. After analyzing the data, the frame of the organizational culture of the district was formed. FINDING: The results showed that the mission and involvement in work have the mean scores of 3.14 and 3.01, respectively while adaptability and compatibility showed the mean score of 3.12 and 3.07. CONCLUSION: The municipality of District 19 in terms of its organizational missions and strategic goals needs a well-constructed plan
https://www.ijhcum.net/article_40448_9aff702fe76751d9302839e96417754c.pdf
2020-07-01
267
276
10.22034/IJHCUM.2020.03.08
Denison model
Organizational Culture
productivity
Tehran municipality
S.
Mohammadi
mohammadisam53@yahoo.com
1
Department of Administrative Affairs, District 19 of Municipality of Tehran, Tehrani, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
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